Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research

In collaboration with Scientific Association of Iranian Medicinal Plants

Current Issue

By Issue

By Author

By Subject

Author Index

Keyword Index

About Journal

Aims and Scope

Publication Ethics

Indexing and Abstracting

Related Links

FAQ

Peer Review Process

Journal Metrics

News

An investigation on cichoric acid, chlorogenic, caffeic acid content and antioxidant activity in some Iranian native species compared to Echinacea purpurea L. in different developmental stages

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D. student, Departmenmt of Biology, Faculty of Science, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran

2 Departmenmt of Biology, Faculty of Science, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran

Abstract

Polyphenol and flavonoid compounds, belonging to the medicinal species of Asteraceae family, have been found as natural antioxidants. Cichoric and chlorogenic acid are two caffeic acid derivatives. These polyphenol components, especially cichoric acid, are the dominant components of Echinacea purpurea L. The general goal of this research was to identify Iranian native sources of cichoric acid, chlorogenicacid and also caffeic acid as their precursor. For this purpose, the roots, stems and leaves of five Iranian native species (Lactuca undulata, Lactuca serriola, Leontodon asperrimus, Cichorium intybus and Sonchus oleraceus) were collected during vegetative and reproductive stages from north eastern of Iran. The seeds of E. purpurea were purchased and cultured in greenhouse conditions. The results revealed that the highest amount of cichoric (3.6 mg/g DW) and caffeic acid (28.8 mg/g DW) was observed in E. purpurea roots during vegetative and reproductive stages, respectively. Among Iranian native species, L.undulata stems and L.asperrimus roots had the highest content of cichoric (2.3 mg/g DW) and chlorogenic acid (8.08 mg/g DW) in reproductive and vegetative stages, respectively. The highest antioxidant activity was found in E. purpurea roots during reproductive stage. The lowest level of IC50 was found in E.purpurea roots at reproductive stage. It seems that L. undulata and L. asperrimus could be suitable sources for cichoric, chlorogenic and caffeic acid, compared to other Iranian native species.

Keywords

References
- Abbasi, B.H. and Stiles, A.R., 2012. Gibberellic acid increases secondary metabolite production in Echinacea purpurea hairy roots. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 168(7): 2057-2066.
- Azay-milhau, J., Ferrare, K., Leroy, J., Aubaterre, J., Tournier, M., Lajoix, A. and Tousch, D., 2013. Antihyperglycemic effect of a natural chicoric acid extract of Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.): A comparative in vitro study with the effects of caffeic and ferulic acids. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 150(2): 755-760.
- Barnes, J., Anderson, L.A., Gibbons, S. and Phillipson, J.D., 2005. Echinacea species (Echinacea angustifolia (DC.) Hell., Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt., Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench): a review of their chemistry, pharmacology and clinical properties. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 57(8): 929-954.
- Binns, S.E., Arnason, J.T. and Baum B.R., 2002. Phytochemical variation within populations of Echinacea angustifolia (Asteraceae). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 30: 837-854.
- Blum-Silva, C.H., Chaves,V.C., Schenkel, E.P. and Reginatto, F.H., 2015. The influence of leaf age on methylxanthines, total phenolic content, and free radical scavenging capacity of Ilex paraguariensis aqueous extracts. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 25(1): 1-6.
- Boerjan, W., Ralph, J. and Baucher, M., 2003. Lignin biosynthesis. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 54(1): 519-46.
- Chang, C., Yang, M., Wen, H. and Chern, J., 2002. Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. Journal of Food and Druge Analysis, 10(3): 178-182.
- Cirak, C., Radusiene, J., Janulis, V., Ivanauskas, L. and Arslan, B., 2007. Chemical constituents of some Hypericum species growing in Turkey. Journal of Plant Biology, 50(2): 632-635.
- Chung, T., Moon, S., Chang, Y., Ko, J., Lee, Y., Cho, G.U., Kim, S., Kim, J. and Kim, C., 2004. Novel and therapeutic effect of caffeic acid and caffeic acid phenyl ester on hepatocarcinoma cells: complete regression of hepatoma growth and metastasis by dual mechanism. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Journal, 18(14): 1670-1681.
- Farah, A., Monteiro, M., Donangelo, C.M. and Lafay, S., 2008. Chlorogenic acids from green coffee extract are highly bioavailable in humans. The Journal of Nutrition, 138(12): 2309-2315.
- Hudec, J., Burdova, M., Kobida, L., Komora, L., Macho, V., Kogan, G., Turianika, I., Kochanova, R., Lozek, O., Haban, M. and CHeleb, R., 2007. Antioxidant capacity changes and phenolic profile of Echinacea purpurea, Nettle (Urtica dioica L.), and Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) after application of polyamine and phenolic biosynthesis regulators. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 55(14): 5689-5696.
- Jiang, L., Li, W., Wang, Y., Zhang, X., Yu, D., Yin, Y., Xie, Z. and Yuan, Y., 2014. Effects of cichoric acid extract from Echinacea purpurea on collagen-induced arthritis in rats. The American Journal of Chinese Medicine, 42(3): 679-692.
- Kumar, K.M. and Ramaiah, S., 2011. Pharmacological importance of Echinacea purpurea. International Journal of Pharmacology and BioSciences, 2(4): 304-314.
- Lee, J. and Scagel, C.F., 2010. Chicoric acid levels in commercial basil (Ocimum basilicum) and Echinacea purpurea products. Journal of Functional Foods, 2(1): 77-84.
- Lee, J. and Scagel, C.F., 2013. Chicoric acid: chemistry, distribution, and production. Frontiers in Chemistry, 1(40): 1-17.
- Lee, N.Y., Chung, K.S., Jin, J.S., Bang, K.S., Eom, Y.J., Hong, J.S., Nugroho, A. and Park, H.J., 2015. Effect of chicoric acid on mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Journal of Natural Products, 78(12): 2956-2962.
- Luo, X.B., Chen, B., Yao, S.Z. and Zeng, J.G., 2003. Simultaneous analysis of caffeic acid derivatives and alkamides in roots and extracts of Echinacea purpurea by HPLC-photodiode array detection-electrospray mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A, 986(1): 73-81.
- Maisuthisakul, P., Suttajit, M. and Pongsawatmanit, R., 2007. Assessment of phenolic content and free radical-scavenging capacity of some Thai indigenous plants. Food Chemistry, 100(4): 1409-1418.
- Manayi, A., Vazirian, M. and Saeidnia, S., 2015. Echinacea purpurea: pharmacology, phytochemistry and analysis methods. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 9(17): 63-73.
- Meda, A., Euloge, C., Romito, M., Millogo, J. and Germaine, O., 2005. Determination of the total phenolic , flavonoid and proline contents in Burkina Fasan honey, as well as their radical scavenging activity. Food Chemistry, 91(3): 571-577.
- Medini, F., Fellah, H., Ksouri, R. and Abdoly, C., 2014.Total phenolic , flavonoid and tannin contents and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of organic extracts of shoots of the plant Limonium delicatulum. Integrative Medical Research,
8(3): 216-224.
- Meng, S., Cao, J., Feng, Q., Peng, J. and Hu, Y., 2013. Roles of chlorogenic acid on regulating glucose and lipids metabolism: a review. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 1-11.
- Mistrikova, S.V., 2009. Patterns of variation in lipophilic and hydrophilic constituents in flower developmental stages of Echinacea purpurea L. Plant, Soil and Environment, 55(2): 70-73.
- Nadim, M.R., Chhipa, K.M., Patel, S.P., Ganchi, S.P. and Dhrubo, J.S., 2014. chicoric acid and its analogues as an anti-hiv integrase agents.World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences,3(2): 2321-2335.
- Nair, V., Panneerselvam, R., Gopi, R. and Hong-bo, S., 2013. Elicitation of pharmacologically active phenolic compounds from Rauvolfia. Industrial Crops and Products, 45: 406-415.
- Perry, N.B., Burgess, E.J. and Glennie, V.L., 2001. Echinacea Standardization: analytical methods for phenolic compounds and typical levels in medicinal species. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 49(4): 1702-1706.
- Pourmorad, F., Hosseinimehr, S.J. and Shahabimajd, N., 2006. Antioxidant activity, phenol and flavonoid contents of some selected Iranian medicinal plants. African Journal of Biotechnology, 5(11): 1142-1145.
- Scarpati, M.L. and Oriente, G., 1958. Chicoric acid (dicaffeyl-tartaric acid): its isolation from chicory (Chicorium intybus) and Synthesis. Tetrahedron, 4(1): 43-48.
- Shekarchi, M., Hajimehdipoor H., Khanavi M. and Roostaie A., 2012. The effect of plant age and harvesting time on chicoric acid on caftaric acid content of E. purpurea (L.) Moench. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 8(3): 203-208.
- Sivaci, A., Binzet, R., Duman S. and Teke, H.I., 2015. The determination of total antioxidant activity, phenolics and pigments during vegetative and reproductive periods of Onosma species. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 21(2): 261-265.
- Stuart, D. and Wills, R.B.H., 2003. Effect of drying temperature on alkylamide and cichoric acid concentrations of Echinacea purpurea. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51(6): 1608-1610.
- Takahama, U., Hirotso, M. and Oniki, T., 1999. Age-dependent changes in levels of ascorbic acid and chlorogenic acid, and activities of peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the apoplast of tobacco leaves: mechanism of the oxidation of chlorogenic acid in the apoplast. Plant and Cell Physiology, 40(7): 716-724.
- Thom, E., 2007. The effect of chlorogenic acid enriched coffee on glucose absorption in healthy volunteers and its effect on body mass when used long-term in overweight and obese people. Journal of International Medical Research, 35(6): 900-908.
- Thomsen, M.O., Frette, X.C., Bisgaard, K., Christensen, L.P. and Grevsen, K., 2012. Seasonal variations in the concentrations of lipophilic compounds and phenolic acids in the roots of Echinacea purpurea and Echinacea pallida Seasonal. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 60(49): 12131-12141.
- Thygesen, L., Thulin, J., Mortensen, A., Skibsted, L.H. and Molgaard, P., 2007. Antioxidant activity of cichoric acid and alkamides from Echinacea purpurea, alone and in combination. Food Chemistry, 101(1): 74-81.
- Toma, F.A. and Arte, F., 1997. Effect of selected browning inhibitors on phenolic metabolism in stem tissue of harvested lettuce. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 45(3): 583-589.
- Xiao, H., Wang, J., Yuan, L., Xiao, C., Wang, Y. and Liu, X., 2013. Chicoric acid induces apoptosis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes through ROS-mediated PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 61(7): 1509-1520.
Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research
Volume 34, Issue 6 - Serial Number 92
January and February 2019
Pages 909-923
Files
Share
How to cite
Statistics