Improvement and breeding
A. Negari; M. Jami Al-Ahmadi; G. Zamani
Abstract
Medicinal plants are a rich and valuable source of secondary metabolites that are strongly influenced by the environmental factors, especially drought stress. In this regard, a greenhouse experiment was conducted on Thymus vulgaris L. as split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications. ...
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Medicinal plants are a rich and valuable source of secondary metabolites that are strongly influenced by the environmental factors, especially drought stress. In this regard, a greenhouse experiment was conducted on Thymus vulgaris L. as split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plot included three levels of moisture supply (40, 65, and 90% of potting soil field capacity (FC)) and the sub-plot was the elicitors levels including (1) control: without elicitor, (2) 150 µM cyclodextrin (CYC), (3) 75 nM coronatine (COR) + 150 µM CYC, (4) 150 nM COR + 150 µM CYC, (5) 150 µM methyl jasmonate (MJ) + 150 µM CYC, and (6) 300 µM MJ + 150 µM CYC. Except for the essential oil percentage, the other traits including the leaves proline content, electrolyte leakage, relative water content, plant height, canopy diameter, dry and fresh weight of shoots, dry weight of leaves and stems, and weight of essential oil had a very significant correlation with each other. The highest amount of leaves proline was obtained form the interaction of elicitors (levels 4 and 6) and the 40% FC level of moisture supply (3.88 and 3.94 μmol g-1 fresh leaf weight, respectively). The highest amount of plant height (28.3 cm), canopy diameter (17 cm), and relative water content (79%) was observed at the 90% FC level of moisture supply. The highest percentage of essential oil was obtained in the treatment of non-application of elicitor (2.67%) and the highest essential oil weight per plant (0.092 g plant-1) was observed in the treatment of non-application of elicitor at the 65% FC level of moisture supply. The mild stress increased the essential oil yield and the elicitor treatments decreased it.
Sh. Gheidarlouei; R. Khademian; S. Mafakheri
Abstract
To investigate the effect of mycorrhiza inoculation on increasing the resistance of medicinal plant dill (Anethum graveolens L.) to salinity stress, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research greenhouse of Imam Khomeini International ...
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To investigate the effect of mycorrhiza inoculation on increasing the resistance of medicinal plant dill (Anethum graveolens L.) to salinity stress, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research greenhouse of Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin province, Iran. The first factor was ecotype at two levels (Isfahan and Varamin), the second factor was salinity at three levels (0, 5 and 10 dS/m), and the third factor was mycorrhiza at three levels (0, 75 and 150 g fungi). The results showed that mycorrhizal inoculation improved all the quantitative traits studied so that under salinity conditions, the plants inoculated with mycorrhiza showed better growth than non-inoculated plants. The highest dry weight, plant height, number of seeds plant-1, and 1000-seed weight were obtained in ecotype Isfahan, salinity level 5 dS/m and 150 g of mycorrhiza. Eleven compounds were identified in dill essential oil. The highest percentage of limonene (7.5%) was obtained from ecotype Varamin plants treated with 5 dS/m salinity and 150 g mycorrhiza. The highest percentage of carvone (86.3%) was obtained in ecotype Isfahan treated with 150 g mycorrhiza and non-salinity.
P. Salehi Shanjani; S.E. Seyedian; H. Javadi
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of different irrigation intervals on morphological characteristics of different Achillea millefolium L. populations, an experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands during 2012 and 2013. Three irrigation intervals ...
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In order to investigate the effects of different irrigation intervals on morphological characteristics of different Achillea millefolium L. populations, an experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands during 2012 and 2013. Three irrigation intervals (7, 14 and 21 days) and 19 A. millefolium populations were compared in a factorial experiment based on a complete randomized block design with three replications. As many plants were lost in irrigation interval of 21 days, comparison was continued with irrigation intervals of 7 and 14 days. Results showed that irrigation intervals and population origins had significant effects (P≤0.005) on the plant height, crown diameter, stem number, dry matter yield (g plant -1 ), flower diameter, flower number and flowering time. In almost all populations the plant height, crown diameter and flower diameter decreased, whereas flower number per plant and the full flowering time increased in irrigation interval of 14 days. The 19 populations were grouped into three clusters. Populations in the cluster I had higher plant height, yield and flowering time. Populations in the cluster III showed higher crown diameter, flower diameter, stem number and flower number, and shorter full flowering time. These results indicated that populations in the cluster III had favorable potential production in semi-arid regions.
S. Kamali; M. Elahi; M. Hosseini Nejadand; M. Yavarmanesh
Abstract
Because of various technological properties, beneficial prebiotic and health effects, inulin is extensively used in different products and symbiotic combinations. The survival of probiotic strains during gastric stress is influenced by the physicochemical properties of food carriers used for delivery. ...
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Because of various technological properties, beneficial prebiotic and health effects, inulin is extensively used in different products and symbiotic combinations. The survival of probiotic strains during gastric stress is influenced by the physicochemical properties of food carriers used for delivery. In this study, the possibility of increasing the growth and survival potential of two Lactobacillus strains (Lactobacillus casei PTCC 1608 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus PTCC 1637) was investigated in the presence of inulin, extracted from different plant sources (Cichorium intybus & Heliantus tuberosus), and standard inulin under acidic conditions (pH= 4, 2.5) and pH=6.2 as control and compared to glucose. Our results clealy showed that the addition of carbohydrate to lactobacillus cultures significantly increased the growth and resistance of bacteria under acidic conditions. The inulin extracted from Cichorium intybus and standard inulin were more effective in increasing the resistance of bacteria as compared to the inulin extracted from Heliantus tuberosus.
