Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research

Improvement and breeding

Investigation of morphological, physiological, histological characteristics and hypericine content of 20 populations of Hypericum perforatum L. in vitro

M. Shafaei; M. Ebrahimi; A. Mokhtari

Volume 39, Issue 3 , September 2023, , Pages 465-482

https://doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2021.353942.2961

Abstract

Background and objective: St. John's Wort, known as Hypericum perforatum L., is a valuable medicinal plant in the Hypericaceae family. Its most common use is for its antidepressant properties. The active compounds hypericin and hyperforin in St. John's Wort and their proven therapeutic effects have made ... Read More Background and objective: St. John's Wort, known as Hypericum perforatum L., is a valuable medicinal plant in the Hypericaceae family. Its most common use is for its antidepressant properties. The active compounds hypericin and hyperforin in St. John's Wort and their proven therapeutic effects have made this plant one of the most valuable medicinal plants worldwide. Hypericin, a major plant metabolite, has antiviral and anticancer effects. Hypericin belongs to the naphthodianthrones family and is light-sensitive. It mainly accumulates in the dark-colored glands on the leaves and flowers of the plant, and its concentration ranges from 0.3% to 3.0% in the leaves and 1% to 14% in the flower buds, depending on the plant variety, height, light conditions, and season. Hyperforin is another important compound of the phloroglucinols group found abundantly in St. John's Wort flowers, especially in the stamens and the fruit. However, it is also present in large amounts in the leaves. Hyperforin content of 6.9% in flower buds, 8.5% in unripe fruit, and 5.1% in leaves has been reported. Unlike hypericin, hyperforin accumulates in transparent glands. Since hypericin and hyperforin depend on environmental conditions, asexual reproduction is preferred over sexual reproduction.Methodology: In this study, 20 populations from 20 different regions of Iran were collected and examined for micropropagation optimization. In addition to identifying the most suitable medium for micropropagation of these populations, the morphological, physiological, biochemical, and histological characteristics of them were also investigated. To prepare the modified culture medium, ½ MS salts, FeEDDHA, B5 vitamins, and two g.l-1 Glycine was used. The MS basal medium was used as a control after adjusting the pH to 8.5 and adding 8.6 g.l-1 Agar, the desired medium, was distributed into culture vessels and autoclaved at 121°C and 2 bar pressure for 20 minutes. Seven explants containing 1-2 buds were placed in each culture vessel. All cultures were incubated in a growth room with 8 hours of darkness and 16 hours of light at an intensity of 1500-2000 lux, a temperature of 25°C, and a relative humidity of 60-70% for four weeks. After the emergence of new shoots, data were collected on the number of branches, length of branches, fresh weight, and dry weight. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to measure the hypericin content in the leaves of the plantlets.Results: This study shows that changing the culture medium composition in most studied populations increases branch length and number. Reducing the amount of mineral salts in the culture medium has affected the plant's osmotic relationships to water and nutrient uptake. This and increased glycine concentration have created a better fine growth trend. This study showed that among twenty native es of Iran, the North Khorasan population had the highest morphological (shoot number, shoot length), physiological (fresh weight, dry weight), and biochemical (hypericin content) indices in the modified medium. Also, histological studies in this study showed a larger growth of dark glands in the modified medium than in the basal medium.Conclusion: Based on the findings for twenty native populations of Hypericum perforatum in Iran, the North Khorasan population had the highest morphological (shoot number, shoot length), physiological (fresh weight, dry weight), and biochemical (hypericin content) indices in the modified medium. Also, histological studies showed a larger growth of dark glands in the modified medium than in the basal medium.

Establishment and top yield of (Hypericum Perforatum) collected from Drazno and Garmab- Dasht in Golestan Province

S.A. Hoseini; M.A. Dorry

Volume 20, Issue 4 , January 2018, , Pages 397-406

Abstract

This study carried out in Chaleki Research Station in Gorgan in 2000. Station altitude and annual rainfall are 85 m and 600 mm respectively. Seedlings of Hypericum perforatum collected from different locals are varied in aspect of leaf size and height. Two locals were DRAZNO in west and GARMAB-DASHT ... Read More

Hypericin production under optimum nitrogen application

M.H. Lebaschy; E. Sharifi Ashoorabadi; B. Abbass zadeh

Volume 20, Issue 4 , January 2018, , Pages 441-455

Abstract

In order to optimizing nitrogen application for Hypericum perforatum production, a completely randomized block design (CRBD) was carried out with 6 treatments and 3 replications. The nitrogen application treatments were 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg Nha-1. In 1999 hypericin produced by application of ... Read More

Fluctuation of hypericin in natural habitates of Hypericum perforatum

M. lebaschi; E. Sharifi

Volume 11, Issue 1 , February 2002, , Pages 87-101

Abstract

Natural habitates of Iran content of more than 7500 plant species which many of them are medicinal plants. It is as the germplasm and could be source of supplying and producing of medicinal plant for cultivation. Hypericum perforatum growing naturally in the north and west of Iran. In this study ... Read More

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Keywords = Hypericum perforatum

Investigation of morphological, physiological, histological characteristics and hypericine content of 20 populations of Hypericum perforatum L. in vitro

Abstract

Establishment and top yield of (Hypericum Perforatum) collected from Drazno and Garmab- Dasht in Golestan Province

Abstract

Hypericin production under optimum nitrogen application

Abstract

Fluctuation of hypericin in natural habitates of Hypericum perforatum

Abstract