Phytochemistry (extraction, identification and measurement of active components)
Mahmood Barati; Majid Sharifi-Rad; Saeede saeedi
Abstract
Due to the importance of rangeland medicinal plants, the present study was conducted to assess the chemical profile and antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities of rangeland-medicinal plant Artemisia absinthium L. root and aerial parts extracts at different phenological stages (vegetative, ...
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Due to the importance of rangeland medicinal plants, the present study was conducted to assess the chemical profile and antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities of rangeland-medicinal plant Artemisia absinthium L. root and aerial parts extracts at different phenological stages (vegetative, flowering, and seeding). Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride colorimetric methods were used for determination of total phenol and flavonoids contents, respectively. The ethanol extract biological activities were investigated at different phenological stages: the antioxidant activity by DPPH free radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods; the antibacterial activity by disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods; and the anti-inflammatory activity using human red blood cell stabilization. The results showed that the highest amount of total phenol (86.4 ± 2 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry weight) and total flavonoids (36.2 ± 1.3 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g dry weight) was recorded for the root at flowering stage. Also, the root extract at flowering stage had the highest antioxidant (IC50 = 15.4 μg.mL-1) and antibacterial activities. The largest inhibition zone (22 mm) was observed for this extract against Staphylococcus aureus. This extract MIC and MBC were recorded 18.7 mg.mL-1 and 37.5 mg.mL-1 against S. aureus and Bacillus cereus, respectively. The bacteria Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli showed less sensitivity to the mentioned extract. Also, the results showed that the flowering stage had the highest anti-inflammatory activity compared to the other phenological stages. The root extract at the all phenological stages showed higher anti-inflammatory activity than the aerial parts. Overall, it could be concluded that A. absinthium, particularly at flowering stage, can be considered as a suitable alternative source for synthetic antioxidants, antibiotics, and anti-inflammatory agents.
M. Alirezaie Noghondar; H. Arouiee; Sh. Rezazadeh; M. Shoor; R. Taghizad Farid
Abstract
The genus of Colchicum is known for the production of colchicine which some species such as C. kotschyi Boiss. and C. robustum Stefanov are grown in Iran. The level of colchicine varies in different species as well as stages of plant development stages. In the present study, colchicine content and dry ...
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The genus of Colchicum is known for the production of colchicine which some species such as C. kotschyi Boiss. and C. robustum Stefanov are grown in Iran. The level of colchicine varies in different species as well as stages of plant development stages. In the present study, colchicine content and dry matter of corm and seeds in C. kotschyi and C. robustum, growing wild in Iran, were determined during different phenological stages. The plant materials were collected in different seasons (spring, summer, autumn and winter), during 2009-2010 and the amounts of colchicine were determined by high liquid performance chromatography method. The highest amount of colchicine of corm in both species was observed during autumn, in the time close to the beginning of activation of the root, with amount of 0.077 and 0.049% (wt/wt) in C. kotschyi and C. robustum, respectively. The lowest amount of colchicine of corm in C. kotschyi was found to be 0.0058% (wt/wt) during summer, before flowering stage, while the lowest amount of Colchicine in C. robustum was found to be 0.0075% (wt/wt) during winter, synchronous to flowering and vegetative growth. Colchicine content in seeds was found to be 0.128 and 0.0462% (wt/wt) in C. robustum and C. kotschyi, respectively. The highest and the lowest of corm dry matter in both species were found in summer and winter, respectively.
