S.A.R. Valadabadi; H. Aliabadi Farahani; P. Moaveni
Abstract
In order to evaluate the beneficial impacts of nitrogen application on cumin species (Cuminum cyminum L.) some yield characters were investigated. The aim of this study were to investigate the interactive effects of different cumin spices and nitrogen application on essential oil content at Qazvin zone ...
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In order to evaluate the beneficial impacts of nitrogen application on cumin species (Cuminum cyminum L.) some yield characters were investigated. The aim of this study were to investigate the interactive effects of different cumin spices and nitrogen application on essential oil content at Qazvin zone (Ishmael Abad station). The experimental design was split plot method based on randomized complete block with four replicates. Certain factors including cumin species (Sabzevar, Bojnourd and Esfarayen localities) and nitrogen application (30, 60, 90 and 120 kg N ha-1) were studied. Our final statistical analysis were indicated that cumin species had significant effect on plant values and highest essential oil yield, essential oil percentage, seed yield, thousand seed weight and harvest index were provided by species of Esfarayen locality and highest biological yield were provided by species of Bojnourd locality. Nitrogen treatment significantly increased plant values and although the highest biological yield, seed yield and thousand seed weight were obtained under 120 kg N ha-1 the highest essential oil yield, essential oil percentage and harvest index were achieved under 90, 60 and 30 kg N ha-1,respectively. The results of this study showed that the selection of species which performed well over a wide range of environment could increase quantity and quality yields of medicinal and aromatic plants and causes optimal usage in agricultural fertilizers.
K. Moradi; A. Hamdi Shangari; M.H. Shahrajabian; M.H. Gharineh; M. Madandost
Abstract
This experiment was conducted in Khosheh Sabz Sonboleh Institute in Fasa during 2007-2008. In this study Isabgol (plantago ovata Forsk.) yield reaction and quality characteristics of irrigation intervals and different levels of nitrogen were studied. Completely random design with 3 replications was used. ...
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This experiment was conducted in Khosheh Sabz Sonboleh Institute in Fasa during 2007-2008. In this study Isabgol (plantago ovata Forsk.) yield reaction and quality characteristics of irrigation intervals and different levels of nitrogen were studied. Completely random design with 3 replications was used. Factors included 3 irrigation intervals (7, 10 and 14 days) and 3 nitrogen levels (0, 30 and 60 kg). Variance results showed that variations of grain yield, biological yield and mucilage yield were significant. Drought intensity also increased percentage of mucilage yield significantly. The best economic and biological quality was obtained by short irrigation interval. In long irrigation interval, two characteristics showed significant decrease, but against biological yields, they showed increased trend. Therefore, with increased amount of nitrogen, economic yield, biological yield and mucilage were increased. Grain and biological yield in drought stress condition in long irrigation intervals showed less response than increasing nitrogen levels.
M. Alijani; M. Amini Dehaghi; S.A.M. Modares Sanavi; S. Mohammad Rezaye
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 40 and 80 Kg from urea) and phosphorous fertilizer (0, 30 and 60 Kg from super phosphat treepal) on yield and essetial oil production of Matricaria recutita L. an experiment has been conducted on the basis of randomized complete block design ...
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In order to investigate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 40 and 80 Kg from urea) and phosphorous fertilizer (0, 30 and 60 Kg from super phosphat treepal) on yield and essetial oil production of Matricaria recutita L. an experiment has been conducted on the basis of randomized complete block design in three replications at 2007. The results showed that there is significant difference in number and dry weight of flowers between nitrogen fertilizer treatments at the level of 1%. Treatment of 40 kg nitrogen by producing 742.2 flower and 20.63 gr dry weight had the highest yield. Control samples produced 507.06 number of flowers and 10.06 gr dry weight, which is at itś lowest amount. Among phosphorous fertilizers, there is significant difference and the highest yield refers to 60 kg phosphate in hectare. It produced 816.26 number of flowers and 30.17 gr dry weight. Thus, the best recommended treatment is 2nd level of nitrogen fertilizer and 3rd level of phosphate fertilizer, with 40 kg nitrogen and 60 kg phosphate in every hectare. There was no significant difference in chamazolene percentage in all treatments.
M. Peyvandi; A. Rafati; M. Mirza
Volume 25, Issue 1 , May 2009, , Pages 75-84
Abstract
The purpose of this study was determining the effects of different nitrogen and phosphorus doses on the plant growth parameters, yields and essential oil composition of Artemisia annua L. The effect of nitrogen (urea 46%) and phosphorus (Triple super phosphate %48) at four levels (0, 40, 80, 120 kg/ha) ...
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The purpose of this study was determining the effects of different nitrogen and phosphorus doses on the plant growth parameters, yields and essential oil composition of Artemisia annua L. The effect of nitrogen (urea 46%) and phosphorus (Triple super phosphate %48) at four levels (0, 40, 80, 120 kg/ha) were examined. Experiments were designed based on Randomized CompleteBlock with 16 treatments and 3 replicates. Results indicated that differences between the average of height, number of branches and dry weight were significant at p≤0.05. The maximum of branches number and height of plant were gained in the N40P40 and N80P40 treatments. Increasing of P fertilizer more than 80 kg/ha decrease the growth parameters significantly. Essential oil of leaves at flowering stage was obtained by hydro-distillation. Percentage of essential oil showed significant increase in N40P0 and N80P0 treatments. Chemical compounds of leaf oil were identified by GC/MS. Twenty four components were found which the major compounds were artemisia ketone, camphor, 1,8-cineole, artemisia alcohol, viridiflorene and alpha-pinene
N. Rahmani; S.A. Valadabadi; J. Daneshian; M. Bigdeli
Volume 24, Issue 1 , May 2008, , Pages 101-108
Abstract
In order to study the effect of water deficit stress and nitrogen on oil yield of Calendula (Calendula officinalis L.), an experiment was conducted at research field of Islamic Azad University of Takestan branch in 2006. Field experiment was carried out as split plot design with 4 replications. Water ...
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In order to study the effect of water deficit stress and nitrogen on oil yield of Calendula (Calendula officinalis L.), an experiment was conducted at research field of Islamic Azad University of Takestan branch in 2006. Field experiment was carried out as split plot design with 4 replications. Water deficit stress set as main factor with three levels (Irrigation after 40, 80 and 120 mm evaporation from pan class A) and Nitrogen level was 0, 30, 60 and 90 kg ha-1. The results showed that water deficit stress had significant effect on oil yield, seed yield, oil percent, seed weight, seed per capitulum and capitulum diameter (α=1%). Means comparison showed that irrigation with 40 mm evaporation had and the highest oil yield and seed yield with 505.3 kg ha-1 and 3044 kg ha-1 and highest oil percent with 24.15% was achieved under irrigation with 120 mm evaporation. Moreover nitrogen had significant effect on oil yield, seed yield, oil percent, seed weight, seed per capitulum and capitulum diameter (α=1%). Means comparison showed that highest oil yield and seed yield with 377.4 kg ha-1and 1998 kg were achieved under application of 90 kg ha-1 nitrogen and the highest oil percentage with 22.16% was achieved under application of 60 kg ha-1 nitrogen. The results showed that water deficit stress and 60 kg ha-1 nitrogen increased oil percent, while oil yield of calendula decreased in this condition.
B. Dadman; R. Omidbaigi; F. Sefidkon
Abstract
This field experiment was conducted from April to October 2005 in order to study the effects of different nitrogen levels (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1) on essential oil content and compositions of Mexican marigold (Tagetes minuta L.). The utilization of nitrogen significantly affected essential oil ...
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This field experiment was conducted from April to October 2005 in order to study the effects of different nitrogen levels (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1) on essential oil content and compositions of Mexican marigold (Tagetes minuta L.). The utilization of nitrogen significantly affected essential oil content and compositions of Mexican marigold compared to control samples without nitrogen fertilizer. The application of 200 kg ha-1 nitrogen gave the highest oil content (1.16%). The results of the oil analysis showed that the constituents of the oils varied between nitrogen levels. There fore it could be concluded that for maximum production of essential oil, Mexican marigold should be grown with 200 kg ha-1 nitrogen but in order to preserve environment by decrease consuming fertilizer and soil management it is better to suggest 150 kg ha-1 nitrogen to produce safer crops because of the little differences of 150 with 200 kg ha-1 nitrogen on oil content.
A. Alizadeh Sahzabi; E. Sharifi Ashorabadi; A.H. Shiranirad; B. Abaszadeh
Volume 23, Issue 3 , November 2007, , Pages 416-431
Abstract
The effect of applying different methods and nitrogen levels on yield and essential oil of savagery (Satureja hortensis L.) was investigated using a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications in 2005, Karaj, Iran. The treatments included application of solid nitrogen ...
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The effect of applying different methods and nitrogen levels on yield and essential oil of savagery (Satureja hortensis L.) was investigated using a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications in 2005, Karaj, Iran. The treatments included application of solid nitrogen in soil with 4 levels 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg/ha and spray of nitrogen on foliage with 4 levels 0, 4.5, 6 and 7.5 percent. The nitrogen applied three times equally. The results showed, effect of treatments on biological yield, plant height, essential oil percentage, flowering shoot yield, number of lateral branch (P< 0.01) and harvest index were significant (P<0.05). Interaction of treatments on essential oil percentage, essential oil yield, flowering shoot yield (P<0.01) and biological yield (P<0.05) were significant. This experiment found that applying 100 kg pure nitrogen in soil with 4.5% produced highest biological yield, seed and flowering shoot with means of 4424, 875.3 and 1855 kg ha-1, respectively. The results showed, increase of nitrogen application caused decrease of essential oil percentage. Highest essential oil percentage related to application of 6% of nitrogen solution with mean of 2.13%. Utilization of 150 kg of solid nitrogen with 7.5% of nitrogen solution produced highest plant height with mean of 66.88 cm, highest lateral branch with mean of 18 and highest essential oil yield with mean of 33.7 kg ha-1. Highest harvest index related to control with mean of 25.98%. The results showed that use of sprayed nitrogen on foliage decrease nitrogen application. Therefore, this method could be suitable for sustainable agriculture.
A. Akbarinia; J. Daneshian; F. Mohmmadbiegi
Volume 22, Issue 4 , February 2007, , Pages 410-419
Abstract
In order to study the effect of nitrogen levels and plant density on seed yield, essential oil and oil content of Coriander seeds, an experiment was conducted in agricultural station of Qazvin and natural resources research center in 2005. The experiment was laid out by adopting split plot design with ...
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In order to study the effect of nitrogen levels and plant density on seed yield, essential oil and oil content of Coriander seeds, an experiment was conducted in agricultural station of Qazvin and natural resources research center in 2005. The experiment was laid out by adopting split plot design with four replications, main plots were nitrogen: 30, 60 and 90 kg/ha and subplots were plant density including: 20, 30, 40 and 50 plant/m2. Seed yield, essential oil, oil content and yield were determined. Results showed nitrogen and plant density effected on Seed yield, essential oil, fatty acids. With increasing of nitrogen to 60 kg/ha, there was a significant increase in seed yield. The seed yield was decreased with more nitrogen. But the highest essential oil content and fatty acids were obtained with 90 kg nitrogen /ha. With increasing of plant density, seed yield and oil content had a significant decrease. Seed yield and oil content were higher in 30 plant/m2, while essential oil was higher in 40 plant/m2 that there was no difference with 30 plant/m2 in this respect. Comparing of treatments showed that the highest seed yield and essential oil yield were obtained by using 60 kg nitrogen/ha while there was the highest essential oil content, content and yield of oil with the application of 90kg nitrogen/ha with 30 plant/m2.
A. Akbarinia; A. Ghalavand; Z. Tahmasebnbi; F. Sefidcon; E. Sharifi; M.B. Rezaii
Volume 18, Issue 1 , February 2003, , Pages 89-109
Abstract
This experiment was conducted on 2001 and 2002 in reseach farm of Qazvin Agriculture Research Station, in order to study the effect of different rates of nitrogen, Phosphorus (Conventional system), manure (Organic system) and mixture of them (Integrated system) on seed yield and essential oil content ...
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This experiment was conducted on 2001 and 2002 in reseach farm of Qazvin Agriculture Research Station, in order to study the effect of different rates of nitrogen, Phosphorus (Conventional system), manure (Organic system) and mixture of them (Integrated system) on seed yield and essential oil content of Ajowan (Carum copticum). The experimental design was used randomized complete blocks with three replication. Treatments included: different rates of N and P (as mixture) with 4 levels, different rates of manure with 3 lebvels, mixture of N, P and distillation method. The results showed that increase in N and P fertilizer up to 90 and 60 kg/ha respectively, was followed by seed yield increase but fertilizers had no effect on the essential oil content. Also, seed yield essential oil content increased as a result of increase in manure application. In general integrated treatments in respect of seed yeild and essential oil yield were higher than other treatments.
