R. Ramezannezhad; M. Aghdasi; M. Fatemi
Abstract
Polyphenol and flavonoid compounds, belonging to the medicinal species of Asteraceae family, have been found as natural antioxidants. Cichoric and chlorogenic acid are two caffeic acid derivatives. These polyphenol components, especially cichoric acid, are the dominant components of Echinacea purpurea ...
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Polyphenol and flavonoid compounds, belonging to the medicinal species of Asteraceae family, have been found as natural antioxidants. Cichoric and chlorogenic acid are two caffeic acid derivatives. These polyphenol components, especially cichoric acid, are the dominant components of Echinacea purpurea L. The general goal of this research was to identify Iranian native sources of cichoric acid, chlorogenicacid and also caffeic acid as their precursor. For this purpose, the roots, stems and leaves of five Iranian native species (Lactuca undulata, Lactuca serriola, Leontodon asperrimus, Cichorium intybus and Sonchus oleraceus) were collected during vegetative and reproductive stages from north eastern of Iran. The seeds of E. purpurea were purchased and cultured in greenhouse conditions. The results revealed that the highest amount of cichoric (3.6 mg/g DW) and caffeic acid (28.8 mg/g DW) was observed in E. purpurea roots during vegetative and reproductive stages, respectively. Among Iranian native species, L.undulata stems and L.asperrimus roots had the highest content of cichoric (2.3 mg/g DW) and chlorogenic acid (8.08 mg/g DW) in reproductive and vegetative stages, respectively. The highest antioxidant activity was found in E. purpurea roots during reproductive stage. The lowest level of IC50 was found in E.purpurea roots at reproductive stage. It seems that L. undulata and L. asperrimus could be suitable sources for cichoric, chlorogenic and caffeic acid, compared to other Iranian native species.
B. Delnavaz Hashemloian; A. Ataei Azimi; M. Salimi; A.R. Oman; A. Nazemi; A. Eghdami
Abstract
Catharanthus roseus L. is one of the most important medicinal plants in the world. The alkaloids of this plant inhibit mitosis. Herbal periwinkle (Vinca herbacea L.) is the unique species of this genus, growing in north of Iran. In this study, anti-mitosis effects of Herbal periwinkle was studied related ...
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Catharanthus roseus L. is one of the most important medicinal plants in the world. The alkaloids of this plant inhibit mitosis. Herbal periwinkle (Vinca herbacea L.) is the unique species of this genus, growing in north of Iran. In this study, anti-mitosis effects of Herbal periwinkle was studied related to Madagascaric for its effects on onion root meristem cells. The alkaloids of these plants were extracted by some different solvents including alcohol, ether, and chloroform and dried by vacuum rotary evaporator. Onions of the same size after three days were rooted in distilled water. The roots of the onions were treated at doses of zero, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 mg/ml alkaloids for 8 and 24 hours. The data analysis was performed with Minitab software and Tukey test. The results showed that alkaloids of both species presented antimitotic effect. Alkaloids of both species reduced and/or inhibited cell division and mitosis phases. Generally, alkaloids caused a drastic reduction of cell division and chromosome station at the end of prophase and chromosome condensation. Comparison of analysis of variance and the means in some cases showed significant difference for both species with the control (alkaloid at a concentration of zero). The alkaloid contents of the two species significantly affected chromosome condensation and separation like colchicine. The alkaloids of both species were usable for plant cytology studies similar to colchicine but the Madagascar periwinkle resulted better than native herbal periwinkle.
S.A.R. Valadabadi; H. Aliabadi Farahani; P. Moaveni
Abstract
In order to evaluate the beneficial impacts of nitrogen application on cumin species (Cuminum cyminum L.) some yield characters were investigated. The aim of this study were to investigate the interactive effects of different cumin spices and nitrogen application on essential oil content at Qazvin zone ...
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In order to evaluate the beneficial impacts of nitrogen application on cumin species (Cuminum cyminum L.) some yield characters were investigated. The aim of this study were to investigate the interactive effects of different cumin spices and nitrogen application on essential oil content at Qazvin zone (Ishmael Abad station). The experimental design was split plot method based on randomized complete block with four replicates. Certain factors including cumin species (Sabzevar, Bojnourd and Esfarayen localities) and nitrogen application (30, 60, 90 and 120 kg N ha-1) were studied. Our final statistical analysis were indicated that cumin species had significant effect on plant values and highest essential oil yield, essential oil percentage, seed yield, thousand seed weight and harvest index were provided by species of Esfarayen locality and highest biological yield were provided by species of Bojnourd locality. Nitrogen treatment significantly increased plant values and although the highest biological yield, seed yield and thousand seed weight were obtained under 120 kg N ha-1 the highest essential oil yield, essential oil percentage and harvest index were achieved under 90, 60 and 30 kg N ha-1,respectively. The results of this study showed that the selection of species which performed well over a wide range of environment could increase quantity and quality yields of medicinal and aromatic plants and causes optimal usage in agricultural fertilizers.
