F. Salimi; M. Fattahi; J. Hamzei
Abstract
In this research, the effect of time (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min) and temperature (35, 45, 55, 65 and 75 oC) of ultrasonic waves, ethanol to water ratio (20, 35, 50, 65 and 80%) of extracting solvent and dry matter to solvent ratio (1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20 and 1:25 mg/ml) was investigated on total phenol ...
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In this research, the effect of time (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min) and temperature (35, 45, 55, 65 and 75 oC) of ultrasonic waves, ethanol to water ratio (20, 35, 50, 65 and 80%) of extracting solvent and dry matter to solvent ratio (1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20 and 1:25 mg/ml) was investigated on total phenol and flavonoids and antioxidant capacity (in two methods of DPPH and FRAP) of hydroalcoholic extract of celery (Apium graveolens L.) aerial parts by using the response surface method. Based on the results, ultrasound for 10 min at 55 °C, ethanol to water ratio of 80%, and dry matter to solvent ratio of 1:5 were considered as the best treatment. The highest amount of total phenol (471.1 mg GAE/g DW) and flavonoid (187.7 mg quercetin/gDW) content, and antioxidant activity of the extract was obtained under optimized conditions using DPPH (68.5%) and FRAP (4210.4 μM Fe+2/50 μl extract). In general, the high values of adjusted R2 and P-value in fitting models indicated that the drawn models of response surface were ideal. In other words, the high amounts of these parameters indicate the existence of a correlation between the observed values and the predicted ones.
R. Hazrati Jahan; N. Zare; S. Dezhsetan; P. Sheikhzadeh Mosaddeg
Abstract
The discovery of taxanes production in hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) and its cell cultures has generated considerable interest and hopes for studying and utilization of cell suspension culture of hazelnut as a biotechnological approach to the taxol production. In this research, the effects of ...
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The discovery of taxanes production in hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) and its cell cultures has generated considerable interest and hopes for studying and utilization of cell suspension culture of hazelnut as a biotechnological approach to the taxol production. In this research, the effects of plant growth regulators (different levels of 2,4-D, NAA, Kin and BAP) on hazelnut cell culture growth, and effects of elicitor (methyl jasmonate, chitosan and ultrasonund) and precursor (aminobenzoic acid and phenylalanine) combination on taxol production in cell suspension cultures were investigated. The results revealed that hazelnut cell growth in suspension cultures was significantly influenced by growth regulators treatments. Cell growth in MS medium containing 1 mg/l 2,4-D, 0.5 mg/l BAP and 150 mg/l ascorbic acid was significantly higher than other treatments. The cell growth and viability, EC and pH of medium and taxol production were significantly different between elicitor treatments. Overall, elicitor treatments inhibited cell proliferation but significantly increased the taxol production compared to the control (without elicitor). The highest taxol content (15.27 mg/l) was obtained with 2 min US and 20 mg/l aminobenzoic acid treatment in the cells derived from seed explants, which was about 132.78- fold of control.
Gh. Marghaeizadeh; M.H. Gharineh; Gh. Fathi; A.R. Abdali; M. Farbod
Abstract
Seed priming includes very simple methods that could be effective in improving seed germination and establishment of seedling. Seed treatment with ultrasound waves and magnetic field are considered as biophysical and seed priming methods. The production and processing of this species in the world is ...
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Seed priming includes very simple methods that could be effective in improving seed germination and establishment of seedling. Seed treatment with ultrasound waves and magnetic field are considered as biophysical and seed priming methods. The production and processing of this species in the world is of outmost importance regarding the medicinal effects of Carum copticum (Carum copticum (L.) C. B. Clarke), belonging to the Apiaceae family. This research was aimed to study the effects of ultrasound waves and magnetic field on germination of Ajowan in laboratory conditions at the University of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Ramin in 2010. In addition, increasing the percentage of seed germination and velocity, and increasing the resistance of seedlings to the environmental stresses such as drought, cold, heat, as well as diseases and pests were investigated. The seeds were treated with an ultrasound of 22 kHz frequency in two times of two and five minutes (U2, U3) and a magnetic field intensity of 5000 gauss in three different times of 15, 30, 45 minutes (M2, M3&M4) at a temperature of 30°C. A factorial experiment in a complete randomized design with four replications was carried out. Results showed that seed germination and vigor increased in response to the magnetic field and ultrasonic wave treatments. According to the obtained results, a magnetic field for 30 minutes and in some cases 45 minutes with ultrasound waves for five minutes had the greatest impact on this species. Despite the high sensitivity to both plant diseases and pests, no trace of disease and pest was found in the field.
