Improvement and breeding
S. Yadegari; H.R. Qomi Marzdashri; M. Pezhmanmehr; M. Mirmasoumi
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the plasma treatment effects on seed germination characteristics of Alyssum homalocarpum L. The initial test of plasma on seeds was by atmospheric DBD with a duration of 30 and 15 seconds and 1 to 5 minutes at voltages of 17, 18, 19 and 20 kV, and counting ...
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This experiment was conducted to investigate the plasma treatment effects on seed germination characteristics of Alyssum homalocarpum L. The initial test of plasma on seeds was by atmospheric DBD with a duration of 30 and 15 seconds and 1 to 5 minutes at voltages of 17, 18, 19 and 20 kV, and counting the daily germination of seeds was repeated for 21 days. The seeds were then treated again with atmospheric DBD plasma (30 s and 1 min) at the same voltages and monitored for 21 days. In both times, the changes were observed in the first 3 days, then the seeds were treated with DBD plasma at times of 10, 30 seconds, 1 and 3 minutes. At the end of the initial tests, the seeds were treated in DBD plasma with atmospheric pressure (30 seconds and 1 minute) at voltages of 18 and 20 kV and with DBD corona plasma for 10, 30 seconds, 1 and 3 minutes. Germination rate and percentage, plumule length, radicle length, fresh and dry weight of root and seedling, leaf area and enzyme characteristics were measured. The means comparison results showed that the highest rate (2 seeds per day) and germination percentage (70%) were obtained in the combined treatment of 18 kV and 60 sec. The results showed that the effect of time on dry weight, leaf length, root length and leaf diameter was significant at 1% level. In terms of mean comparison, catalase enzyme and polyphenol oxidase enzyme had a significant difference in the treatments of the combined effect of voltage 20 kV and time 60 seconds and the mutual effect of voltage 18 kV and time 60 seconds. Overall, according to the present findings, the atmospheric DBD plasma and corona plasma pretreatments had a role in improving growth traits and enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites compared to other treatments without damaging the seeds.
F.S. Serry; A. Ghamari-Zare; Sh. Shahrzaad; M.A. NaderiShahab; S. Kalate-jary
Abstract
Salvia leriifolia Benth. (Noruozak) is a perennial plant which belongs to the Lamiaceae family. This herb has a great importance in the sense of pharmaceutical applications. In the nature, seeds of Salvia leriifolia hardly germinate endangering its survival. In this work, in addition of studying the ...
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Salvia leriifolia Benth. (Noruozak) is a perennial plant which belongs to the Lamiaceae family. This herb has a great importance in the sense of pharmaceutical applications. In the nature, seeds of Salvia leriifolia hardly germinate endangering its survival. In this work, in addition of studying the causes of low germination rate, different physic-chemical treatments such as scratching on seed coat, scratch seeds under running water, intact seeds under running water, coatless seeds, treating intact seed with 98% sulphuric acid for 10 and 15 minutes were investigated. Seeds were collected from Abkhandari station in Sabzevar city in 2009. For sterilization, the solution of HgCl2 0.1% w/v was applied for seeds in all of treatments. Also four temperature treatments of 4, 20, 25C° and keeping at 4C° for a week then transferring to 25C° on germination of seeds were considered. There was no seed germination happened in control, mechanical scratching, running water and sulphuric acid treatments. The coatless seeds treatment and incubation at 4C° for a week and then transferring to 25C° has the most effect on seeds germination, with 100% seed germination. According to the results, removing the hard and impermeable seed coat of Salvia leriifolia as a physical prevention and low temperature as a physiological factor were identified as effective method in germination of the mentioned species.
M.A. Soltanipoor; R. Asadpoor; A. Hajebi; N. Moradi
Abstract
Cultivation programming of medicinal plants is necessary for curing, limiting natural habitats, little reproduction and inexpedient cutting. In this investigation, the effects of pre-treatments on seed germination of Foeniculum vulgare L., Salvia sharifii Rech. et Esfand. and Abutilon fruticosum Guill. ...
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Cultivation programming of medicinal plants is necessary for curing, limiting natural habitats, little reproduction and inexpedient cutting. In this investigation, the effects of pre-treatments on seed germination of Foeniculum vulgare L., Salvia sharifii Rech. et Esfand. and Abutilon fruticosum Guill. et Perr. were conducted. Seeds of species were collected from their main habitates and tested for pre-treatments as sulfuric acid (for 5, 10 and 15 minutes), warm water, cold, KNO3 and control sample. Seeds were sown in Petridishes for 14 days. This experiment was complete randomized design with three replications. According to the results, applying sulfuric acid for 10 minutes as pre-treatment on seeds had higher values of seed germination percent and germination rate on Foeniculum vulgare, KNO3 on Salvia sharifii and sulphuric acid for 15 minutes on Abutilon fruticosum. The highest and lowest vigor index was in Salvia sharifii, 191.75 (control) and zero (sulfuric acid for 10 and 15 minutes), in Foeniculum vulgare 365.75 (cold) and zero (warm water) and in Abutilon fruticosum, 23.4 (sulphuric acid for 10 and 15 minutes) and zero (warm water, cold, KNO3 and control sample).
T. Rajabian; A. Saboora; B. Hassani; H. Fallah Hosseini
Volume 23, Issue 3 , November 2007, , Pages 391-404
Abstract
Ferula assa-foetida L. is an Iranian endemic medicinal plant that belongs to Apiaceae family. Seeds of this plant have a long period of dormancy. Therefore, experimental methods, which decrease seed dormancy period, could be effective in the seed germination rate and also in revival of the plant. The ...
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Ferula assa-foetida L. is an Iranian endemic medicinal plant that belongs to Apiaceae family. Seeds of this plant have a long period of dormancy. Therefore, experimental methods, which decrease seed dormancy period, could be effective in the seed germination rate and also in revival of the plant. The effect of GA3 as a pre-treatment (at high concentrations in a short time period at 23±2°C) and treatment (low concentrations in a long time period at 23±2 and 4°C)on germination of two Tabas and Shirkooh population seeds on MS medium was analyzed. Comparative analyses on treated and pre- treated seeds from two populations with GA3 at 23±2°C temperature did not show any significant changes in both the germination percentage and rate. However, seeds chilling treatment (4°C) indicated increased germination rate and percentage. So, after 12 weeks the maximum germination percentages were 84 and 56% for Tabas and Shirkooh populations. Also the effect of the temperature was investigated on seed germination on the wet filter paper in two levels of 23±2 and 4°C. According to results, maximum seed germination percentage obtained for Shirkooh were (90%) and Tabas (67%) populations by soaking the seeds on the wet filter papers in Petri dishes within 8 to 9 weeks. Finally, it seems that increasing endogenous GA3 concentration, which is provided mostly by chilling treatment, is the most effective factor for breaking the seed dormancy.
A. Hassani
Abstract
Soil water supply is an important environmental factor controlling seed germination. If the water potential is reduced, seed germination will be delayed or prevented. Basil (Ocimum basilicum) is an annual herb plant of Lamiaceae family. The essential oil of basil, mainly used in food industries and perfumery, ...
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Soil water supply is an important environmental factor controlling seed germination. If the water potential is reduced, seed germination will be delayed or prevented. Basil (Ocimum basilicum) is an annual herb plant of Lamiaceae family. The essential oil of basil, mainly used in food industries and perfumery, also possesses antimicrobial activity. To study the effects of water stress on seed germination and seedlings growth of basil, an experiment in completely randomized design with seven treatments and three replications was conducted. Seeds were subjected to water stress using polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) at seven concentrations (0, 5, 15, 20, 25 and 30%) representing water potentials of 0, -0.03, -0.19, -0.41, -0.67, -0.99 and -1.35 MPa. The results showed that water stress have significant effects on seed germination of basil. Seeds treated with -1.35 MPa did not germinate. The few seeds that did germinated in -0.67 and -0.99 MPa water potential, did not produce seedlings. There was no significant difference between 0 to -0.41 MPa for germination percentage. Germination rate showed significant reduction at -0.41 compared to 0, -0.03 and -0.19 MPa water potential. On the other hand, the results of this study showed that different levels of water potential (0, -0.03, -0.19 and -0.41 MPa) have significant effects on seedling growth. With decreasing water potential (from 0 to -0.41 MPa), plumule length, fresh weight of radicle, plumule and seedling decreased but radicle length, dry weight of radicle, plumule and seedling, the radicle length to plumule length ratio and the dry weight of radicle to dry weight of plumule ratio increased. It could beconcluded that in water stress condition, root growth of basil was affected lower than shoot growth.
A. Ghasemi Pirbalouti; A.R. Golparvar; M. Riyahi Dehkordi; A. Navid
Abstract
Seed germination is an important event in the life of every sexually reproduced higher plant. The seed of many medicinal plant species have dormancy, which they do not germinate unless specific environmental signals or events occur. This study was carried out to evaluation the effect of different treatments ...
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Seed germination is an important event in the life of every sexually reproduced higher plant. The seed of many medicinal plant species have dormancy, which they do not germinate unless specific environmental signals or events occur. This study was carried out to evaluation the effect of different treatments on seed dormancy and germination of Chahar Mahal & Bakhtiyari local thyme (Thymus daenensis) was done in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. These treatments were: gibberellic acid 100 PPM, gibberellic acid 500 PPM, gibberellic acid 1000 PPM, KN3 0.2%, thiourea 1 Molar and control. The results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the effect of various treatments on thyme seed germination percentage were significantly different (P<0.01). Treatments of KNO3 (0.2%) and Thiorae (1 Molar) have the highest and lowest seed germination percentage.
