F. Eslami Khalili; H. Pirdashti; M.A. Bahmanyar; F. Taghavi Ghsemkheili
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effects of enriched and non-enriched organic and chemical fertilizers on chemical properties of soil and some nutrient concentrations in pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.), a pot experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with 11 treatments and 3 ...
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In order to evaluate the effects of enriched and non-enriched organic and chemical fertilizers on chemical properties of soil and some nutrient concentrations in pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.), a pot experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with 11 treatments and 3 replications in 2010. Treatments were included control (without organic or chemical fertilizer), chemical fertilizer (CF) as the rate of 80 kg urea ha-1, 100 kg ha-1 super phosphate triple and 80 kg potassium sulfate ha-1, compost, pasteurized compost (bagas + perlit), sheep manure (10 ton ha-1 alone or plus ½ and ¼ CF). Results showed that fertilizer treatments had significant effect on all treatments except leaf potassium. Accordingly, leaf and flower dry weight were maximum in 10 ton ha-1 pasteurized compost and farmyard manures plus ½ and ¼ CF. The highest phosphorous concentration in flower and leaf (0.46 and 0.17 percent, respectively) was recorded when 10 ton ha-1 compost plus ¼ CF was applied. Furthermore, maximum Cu concentration in both flower and leaf (32.60 and 26.25 mg L-1, respectively) were belonged to either 10 ton ha-1 compost plus ½ CF or 10 ton ha-1 farmyard manure while 10 ton ha-1 farmyard manure plus ½ CF had not significant effect on Mn content in flower and leaf. The highest Zn in leaf of marigold was observed in 10 ton ha-1 compost up to 1.2 times compared to control.
H. Azarnivand; M. Ghavam Arabani; F. Sefidkon; A. Tavili
Abstract
Achillea millefolium L. subsp. millefolium is one of the valuable medicinal plants, belongs to Asteraceae family. This plant mainly grows in plaines, roadsides and mountainous regions. It is wound healer and because of having tannins, bitter and aromatic materials affects on the nervous system and heart. ...
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Achillea millefolium L. subsp. millefolium is one of the valuable medicinal plants, belongs to Asteraceae family. This plant mainly grows in plaines, roadsides and mountainous regions. It is wound healer and because of having tannins, bitter and aromatic materials affects on the nervous system and heart. Recent researches show that it has anti-cancer property. For sampling, this plant was selected from 2 height location with definite distance (100 meter) in Siahbisheh at full flowering stage in July 2007. The samples of inflorescences and leaves of plants and sample of soil of the root place were collected from 3 random points of each hieght at lenght of one transect (100 meter). Then air dried parts of the plants (80 gr) subjected to hydrodistillation for 2h using a Clevenger-type apparatus and essential oils analyzed by GC and GC/MC. There is no significant difference between the flower oil yields of Achillea millefolium subsp. millefolium in 2 height, while there is significant difference between the oil yields of leaves (p<0.01) and the highest percentage of leaf oil (0.1%) belong to 2100m. Study of relation among soil characters and height to these quantity show that there is relationship between nitrogen of the soil and this quantity that has negative correlation. Major components of flower oils were 1,8-cineole (14.4% and 8.2%), cis-cadin-4-en-7-ol (4.6% and 15%), E-caryophyllene (5.5% and 4.8%), -γmuurolene (4/4% and 5.2%), camphor (2.6% and 4.1%), eudesma-4(15), 7-dien-1-β-ol (3.7% and 6.4%) in 2100 m and 2200 m, respectively. The main components of leaf oils were 1,8-cineole (5.6% and 4.7%), globulol (7.6% and 8.7%), E-caryophyllene (5% and 3.2%), cis-cadin-4-en-7-ol (25.5% and 0.4%) E-sesqui lavandulol (2.3% and 12.8%) and E-sesquilavandulyl acetate (2.4% and 8.1%) at 2100 m and 2200 m, respectively.
