Z. Nazari; H. Mirzaie-Nodoushan; Gh. Bakhshi-Khaniki; F. Asadicorom
Abstract
Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori is an important neglected plant species, with medicinal, industrial and nutritional values, growing in South-East part of Iran. In spite of its high importance in various points of views, the species is not paid enough attention regarding various biologic aspects such ...
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Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori is an important neglected plant species, with medicinal, industrial and nutritional values, growing in South-East part of Iran. In spite of its high importance in various points of views, the species is not paid enough attention regarding various biologic aspects such as karyotypic characteristics. Four plant populations as well as two tissue cultured samples of the species were used for karyotypic studies. Chromosome dimensions were recorded on which several statistics were estimated for karyotypic asymmetric comparisons on the mentioned plant populations and samples. The recorded karyotypic data were analyzed by nested and factorial statistic models. Chromosomes counting reviled the constant diploid karyotype with 2n=2x=28 chromosomes for all of the studied samples. Analysis of variance showed significant differences (α=1%) between the plant populations and samples based on the recorded karyotypic characteristics. Several anioploid cells were also recorded. It was concluded that the species contains small chromosomes, so that general chromosome means of the studied samples varied between 1.19 to 2.1 μ. The longest genome (51.2μ) belonged to Kenshki sample which was tissue culture based sample. The shortest genome (33.3μ) belonged to Garhoon plant population. In other words tissue culture based samples grouped in distinct classes compared to other studied plant populations. Chanf plant population showed the most symmetric karyotype (45%) based on TF%, whereas, Kenshki plant population revealed the most asymmetric karyotype (41%). DRL statistic and karyotype formula also clarified the mentioned symmetry conditions.
M. Sarrami; H. Zeinali; Gh. Bakhshi Khaniki; S. Esmailkhanian; Z. Bordbar
Abstract
This investigation was carried out on six populations of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. in Isfahan Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, 2009. Karyotype of mitotic cells in metaphase of root apical meristem was studied. The base number of chromosomes for all populations was x = 17 and ...
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This investigation was carried out on six populations of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. in Isfahan Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, 2009. Karyotype of mitotic cells in metaphase of root apical meristem was studied. The base number of chromosomes for all populations was x = 17 and all populations were diploid. Based on Stebbins' two- way table, all populations were located in class 2B indicating the same evolutionary status. Analysis of variance showed significant differences for the length of the smallest chromosome, asymmetric index, and coefficient variation of centromic index (p < 0.01), total chromosome length, sum of small arms, sum of long arms and the largest length of chromosome (p < 0.05). Factor analysis introduced two factors that justified more than 94 percent of total variation. In the first factor, total chromosome length (TL) and sum of long arms (SLa) were identified as the most important factors while asymmetric index (AI) and coefficient variation of centromic index (CVci) in the second factor were highly effective. All populations were classified in four groups by cluster analysis. The least Euclidean distance was between Ahvaz and Sary populations and the highest Euclidean distance was observed between Ahvaz and Amol. Analysis of variance showed significant differences for all traits among groups. Populations of Ahavaz, Sary and Esfahan in the first group were superiour in terms of TL, SSa, SLa, LC and SC compared to other goups. Population of Amol in the second group showed the lowest SC, Cvci, and AI. Maximum CVci and AI were observed in population of Kordestan while TL, SSa, SLa and LC were the least in this population. Population distribution diagram was drawn based on the first and the second component values that would confirm the results of the cluster analysis.