E. Hormozinejad; M. Zolfaghari; M. Mahmoodi Sourestani; N. Enayati Zamir
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of Plant Growth Promothing Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on growth, yield, flowering and biochemical content of marigold (Calendula officinalis L.), an experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with five treatments and four replications during the 2015-2016 ...
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In order to investigate the effects of Plant Growth Promothing Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on growth, yield, flowering and biochemical content of marigold (Calendula officinalis L.), an experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with five treatments and four replications during the 2015-2016 in the Faculty of Agriculture of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. The treatments included Entrobacter closea R13, Entrobacter closea R33, Pseudomonas sp., chemical fertilizers (NPK), and control (no fertilizer). The results of the experiment showed that the highest flower number per square meter, leaf number, stem branches, receptacle diameter, and capitol diameter were observed in E. closea R13, while the highest capitol fresh and dry weight was found in E. closea R33. Moreover, the most leaf phosphorus and nitrogen content, and leaf chlorophyll and carotenoids content were observed in the plots incubated with E. closea R13. The highest and lowest total phenolic content was found in the Entrobacter treatment and control, respectively. Mean comparison of treatment effects showed that the effects of E.closea R33 were similar to E. closea R13 in most parameters and there was no significant difference between them. According to the positive and additive effects of PGPR on calendula plants, the PGPR could be recommended as an alternative to chemical fertilizers to reduce the consumption of chemical fertilizers and guaranty the production of medicinal plants, free of chemicals.
M. Rezae; R. Baradaran
Abstract
In order to improve seed yield and enhance the quality of medicinal plants, the establishment of sustainable agricultural aystems and utilization bio-fertilizers is considered of great importance. In order to study the effect of bio-fertilizers on yield and yield components of pot marigold (Calendula ...
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In order to improve seed yield and enhance the quality of medicinal plants, the establishment of sustainable agricultural aystems and utilization bio-fertilizers is considered of great importance. In order to study the effect of bio-fertilizers on yield and yield components of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.), an experiment was carried out as factorial in randomized complete blocks with 8 treatments and 3 replications in 2010. Treatments included compost (vermi-compost, city refuse compost, no organic fertilizer, granular organic fertilizer) and phosphate bio fertilizer (inoculated, not inoculated). Mean comparison was carried out using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at 5% level). Results showed that phosphate bio fertilizer had not significant effects on plant height, flower yield, number of flower and grain harvest index but flower diameter, number of lateral stems, biomass yield, seed yield and flower harvest index wrer significantly affected. Also, significant differences were observed in most of the traits between treatments and control (no fertilizer, no inoculation). Biological fertilizers significantly increased plant height, total biomass yield, seed weight and harvest index however, flower diameter, number of secondary stems, dried flower yield, flower number per square meter and seed yield were not affected by treatments. The highest values of most of the traits were obtained at vermi-compost and phosphate bio fertilizer, affecting the yield components and seed yield of pot marigold positively.
S.G.R. Mousavi; M.J. Seghatoleslami; E. Ansarinia; H. Javadi
Abstract
In order to study the effect of water deficit stress and different nitrogen levels on seed yield, yield components and water use effeciency of Calendula officinalis L., an experiment was conducted as split plot design based on randomized complete blocks with three replications, at research field of Islamic ...
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In order to study the effect of water deficit stress and different nitrogen levels on seed yield, yield components and water use effeciency of Calendula officinalis L., an experiment was conducted as split plot design based on randomized complete blocks with three replications, at research field of Islamic Azad University of Birjand branch in 2009. In this research water deficit stress set as main factor with three levels (irrigation after 60, 120 and 180 mm evaporation from pan class A) and nitrogen set as sub factor with four levels (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg N ha-1). The results showed irrigation trearments had significant effect (α=1%) on seed yield and it,s components, biological yield, harvest index and water use efficiency for seed and biomass. With incereasing of irrigation intervals from 60 to 180 mm evaporation from pan class A, seed number per capitul, number of capitul per m2, 1000-seed weight, seed yield, number and dry yield of flower decereased 26.6, 49.5, 39.6, 79.3, 65.6 and 72 percent, respectively. The highest biomass yield and weight of one capitul was releated to irrigation after 60 mm evaporation treatment, but irrigation after 60 mm evaporation treatment had the highest WUE. Also the results showed that nitrogen fertilizer trearment affected significantly (α=1%) all traits except capitul number per m2 nitrogen fertilizer application increased these traits, significantly. Interaction of irrigation and nitrogen on all traits was not significant. In conclusion, irrigation after 120 mm evaporation with 120 kg N ha-1 had suitable seed yield with the highest WUE for seed.
N. Rahmani; S.A. Valadabadi; J. Daneshian; M. Bigdeli
Volume 24, Issue 1 , May 2008, , Pages 101-108
Abstract
In order to study the effect of water deficit stress and nitrogen on oil yield of Calendula (Calendula officinalis L.), an experiment was conducted at research field of Islamic Azad University of Takestan branch in 2006. Field experiment was carried out as split plot design with 4 replications. Water ...
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In order to study the effect of water deficit stress and nitrogen on oil yield of Calendula (Calendula officinalis L.), an experiment was conducted at research field of Islamic Azad University of Takestan branch in 2006. Field experiment was carried out as split plot design with 4 replications. Water deficit stress set as main factor with three levels (Irrigation after 40, 80 and 120 mm evaporation from pan class A) and Nitrogen level was 0, 30, 60 and 90 kg ha-1. The results showed that water deficit stress had significant effect on oil yield, seed yield, oil percent, seed weight, seed per capitulum and capitulum diameter (α=1%). Means comparison showed that irrigation with 40 mm evaporation had and the highest oil yield and seed yield with 505.3 kg ha-1 and 3044 kg ha-1 and highest oil percent with 24.15% was achieved under irrigation with 120 mm evaporation. Moreover nitrogen had significant effect on oil yield, seed yield, oil percent, seed weight, seed per capitulum and capitulum diameter (α=1%). Means comparison showed that highest oil yield and seed yield with 377.4 kg ha-1and 1998 kg were achieved under application of 90 kg ha-1 nitrogen and the highest oil percentage with 22.16% was achieved under application of 60 kg ha-1 nitrogen. The results showed that water deficit stress and 60 kg ha-1 nitrogen increased oil percent, while oil yield of calendula decreased in this condition.
