M.H. RAD; K. Jaimand; M.H. Assareh; M. Soltani
Abstract
Drought stress has different effects on morphological, physiological and biochemical processes of plants. Moreover, the quantity and quality of essential oil are affected by drought stress. Eucalyptus species including Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. are considered as rich sources of essential oils especially ...
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Drought stress has different effects on morphological, physiological and biochemical processes of plants. Moreover, the quantity and quality of essential oil are affected by drought stress. Eucalyptus species including Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. are considered as rich sources of essential oils especially 1,8-cineol. In order to study the effect of drought stress on essential oil yield, the type of chemical compounds and also water use efficiency in E. camaldulensis, this research was conducted in a completely randomized design with three treatments including 100, 70, and 40% field capacity and three replications. The experiment was carried out in combat desertification research station of Shahid Sadoughi under lisymetry conditions. Results showed that increasing of soil moisture led to the increased production of essential oil. However, mild drought stress resulted in increased essential oil yield and improved water use efficiency. Mild drought stress compared to other treatments (p < 0.001), improved the production of 1, 8-cineol, however it was observed that it decreased or stopped the production of many other compounds. The percentage of 1, 8 - cineol in the treatments of 100, 70 and 40% field capacity, were, 69.33, 78.13 and 51.87, respectively. The production of α-pinene, as another important compound was also affected by enough moisture (without stress) so that It's value showed significant difference with other treatments (p <0.001). The percentage of α-pinene in the treatments of 100, 70 and 40% field capacity, were, 14.0, 7.03 and 4.06, respectively. The moisture treatments including 100% FC (without stress), 70% FC (mild stress) and 40% FC (severe stress) were studied with three replicates and completely randomize design.
N. Ansari; N. Hasanzadeh; M.B. Rezaee
Abstract
One of the modern methods for biological control of button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) brown blotch disease is using plant's essential oil. Therefore, antimicrobial properties of essential oil and extracts obtained from Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. leaves were evaluated against the plant pathogenic ...
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One of the modern methods for biological control of button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) brown blotch disease is using plant's essential oil. Therefore, antimicrobial properties of essential oil and extracts obtained from Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. leaves were evaluated against the plant pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas tolaasii both In vitro and In vivo conditions. 0.3 g/ml of each leaf samples was macerated in water and organic solvents (acetone, methanol and ethanol) to obtain the relevant extracts. The extraction of essential oil from leaves was performed Hydro-distillation method using Clevenger apparatus. Bioassays for inhibition activities of EO were carried out in five concentrations (0/1, 0/01, 0/001, 0/0001 and pure mg/ml) on two agar media of NA and KB. According to the isolation and identification of the main components in essential oils by gas chromatography (GC-MS), Cineol (58.1%) and α-phellandrene (6%) were identified as the main components. The most efficient In vitro results obtained by pure essential oil of Eucalyptus with 17 mm inhibition zone on KB and methanol extract with 8mm on NA. These were more pronounced when compared to inhibition effects of antibiotics erythromycin, penicillin and gentamycin and not with tetracycline in both concentrations of 0.1 and 0.01 mg/ml. This was reversed by subsequent increase of the antibiotics tetracycline and gentamicin to the level of 1, 5 and 10 mg/ml. In vivo assays were conducted in order to evaluate the efficacy of essential oil and methanol extract in two dilutions of 0/1 and 0/01 mg/ml. 20µl of each plant extracts was pre-treated on mushroom caps and after 24 h, the bacterial suspension at ca 105 cfu/ml was inoculated the same pre-treated sites. After a two day incubation period at 25°C, the 0/01 concentration of both extracts showed a satisfactory result.
J. Asghari; M. Mazaheritehrani
Abstract
Here in reported the application of Hot Extraction Filtration (HEF) apparatus by Microwave system and combination of Microwave- heating and steam distillation as a new technique under the optimal condition in the extraction of trimyristin from Myristica fragrans Houtt. and tannin from Eucalyptus camaldulensis ...
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Here in reported the application of Hot Extraction Filtration (HEF) apparatus by Microwave system and combination of Microwave- heating and steam distillation as a new technique under the optimal condition in the extraction of trimyristin from Myristica fragrans Houtt. and tannin from Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. leaves. Microwave irradiation–HEF were at 700 w for 10 min at 120 ºC in order to extract trimyristin and steam distillation- microwave irradiation at 300 w for 30 min for extraction of tannin were evaluated. The extracted products were isolated and identified by FT-IR, HPLC, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. This method compared to the conventional heating method provided a fast and easy procedure. Also high yield and increasing the purity of crude extract products is the advantages of this procedure.
S.S. Modarres Najafabadi
Abstract
The wheat and barley are the most important stored products and the agricultural stored product pests are the most important insects for this product. The resistance of insects, especially stored products pests to chemical poisons such as phosphin and malathion caused a lot of research about natural, ...
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The wheat and barley are the most important stored products and the agricultural stored product pests are the most important insects for this product. The resistance of insects, especially stored products pests to chemical poisons such as phosphin and malathion caused a lot of research about natural, physiological, biological and microbial control. Azadirachta indica Adr. Juss. and Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. are important trees used for non-chemical control. In this study, the insecticide and repellent property ofneem leaf powder and Eucalyptus seed and leaf powder on Trogoderma granarium and Tribolium sp.were accomplished. Results for insecticide property at 8 treatments and 4 replications showed that LC50 for neem leaf powder on Trogoderma granarium was 5.4, on Tribolium sp.was 5.33gr/100gr. Eucalyptus seed powder on Trogoderma granarium was 5.98 and on Tribolium sp.5.63gr/100gr, LC50 for Eucalyptus leaf powder on Trogoderma granarium 6.86, on Tribolium sp.6.35gr/100gr. The results for repellent property at 4 treatments and 4 replications showed that the repellent property of neem leaf powder on Trogoderma granarium was 80% and on Tribolium sp. was 86.7%. The repellent property of Eucalyptus seed powder on Trogoderma granarium was 67%, Eucalyptus leaf powder was 50%, repellent property of Eucalyptus seed powder on Tribolium sp. 75% and Eucalyptus leaf powder 65%.
A. Najafi Ashtiani; M.H. Assareh; M.A. Baghestani; S.J. Angaji
Volume 24, Issue 3 , November 2008, , Pages 293-303
Abstract
This research was carried out under laboratory conditions in 2007 at Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands. Experiments were done by randomized completely block design with 4 replications. The results showed different levels of E. camaldulensis Dehnh. leaf extracts in winter and spring had significant ...
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This research was carried out under laboratory conditions in 2007 at Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands. Experiments were done by randomized completely block design with 4 replications. The results showed different levels of E. camaldulensis Dehnh. leaf extracts in winter and spring had significant effects on plant length, germination percentage, germination speed, seed vigor, shoot/root rate, seminal root (α =0/01) of Chenopodium album L. Comparison between treatments showed that using 9 gli-1 of both Eucalyptus extract had maximum inhibitor on characteristics of weeds. Comparison effect of winter and spring extracts leaves on morphological characteristics of weeds showed that spring extract had high effect compared with winter extract. The results of this research showed that using of Eucalyptus leaf extract can control the weed growth of Chenopodium album.
