F. Askari; M. Mirza; M. Najafpour Navaei; Sh. Ahmadi
Abstract
Both Centaurea pterocaula Trautv. and Centaurea urvillei DC. are a type of cornflower. The aim of this study is to determine the chemical composition of essential oils of C. urvillei and C. pterocaula for food, cosmetics-health industry and medicinal uses. The plant parts of C. urvillei and C. pterocaula ...
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Both Centaurea pterocaula Trautv. and Centaurea urvillei DC. are a type of cornflower. The aim of this study is to determine the chemical composition of essential oils of C. urvillei and C. pterocaula for food, cosmetics-health industry and medicinal uses. The plant parts of C. urvillei and C. pterocaula were collected at flowering stage from Urmia (Ghasemloo Valley) and Zanjan in 2010 and 2011. The plant parts including stem, leaf and inflorescence were dried in laboratory and crushed to particles. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and were analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS. The essential oil yield of stem plus leaf and inflorescence of Centaurea pterocaula (w/w dried weight) were 0.06% and 0.09%, respectively. The major constituents of stem plus leaf and inflorescence essential oils were germacrene D (20.4% and 5.4%), thymol (10.6% and 3.8%), cyperene (3.5% and 11.5%), spathulenol (7.7% and 4.9%), caryophyllene oxide (6.8% and 13.4%) and E-caryophyllene (4.9% and 8.1%), respectively. The essential oil yield of stem plus leaf and inflorescence of Centaurea urvillei (w/w dried weight) were 0.023% and 0.065%, respectively. The major constituents of stem plus leaf oils were benzyl benzoate (38.7%), caryophyllene oxide (17.9%) and b-eudesmol (19.8%) and the major constituents of inflorescence oil were caryophyllene oxide (25.7%), spathulenol (14.8%) and eudesma-4(15)-7-dien-1-β-ol (21.0%).
F. Askari; Sh. Ahmadi
Abstract
Pimpinella,with about 170-180 species in the world, is one of the largest genus of Apiaceae. Based on the flora of Iran, there are 25 species of Pimpinella in Iranian plateau, so that 22 species with six endemic species are found in Iran. P. olivierioides Boiss. & Hausskn. is distributed in West ...
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Pimpinella,with about 170-180 species in the world, is one of the largest genus of Apiaceae. Based on the flora of Iran, there are 25 species of Pimpinella in Iranian plateau, so that 22 species with six endemic species are found in Iran. P. olivierioides Boiss. & Hausskn. is distributed in West and Central Iran. The aim of this study was to determine chemical composition of P. olivierioides essential oil. The plant parts of P. olivieroides were collected at flowering stage from Nahavand (Hamedan Province), on July 2012. The plant organs including stem and leaf and inflorescence were dried in laboratory and crushed to particles. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The yield of stem and leaf essential oils (w/w dried weight) was 0.09%, root 0.52% and inflorescence 0.57%. The major components of stem and leaf, root and inflorescence essential oils were Germacrene D (36.5%, 21.9% and 11.1%), Bicyclogermacrene (7.5%, 15.9% and 4.4%), respectively. b-bisabolene (24.9%) was found only in root essential oil. Trans-pinocamphene (14.7%) and cis-pinocamphene (13.4%) were found only in stem and leaf essential oils. The interesting thing about the essential oils was their colors. The color of stem and leaf, root and inflorescence essential oils was light blue, blue, and green grass, respectively. Our results clearly showed that very different compositions were found in the essential oil of P. olivierioides organs.
M. Ghanbari; M.K. Souri
Abstract
Genus Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae) consists of about 110-130 species. Nineteen species grow naturally in Iran of which seven are endemic. In this study, chemical composition of the essential oils of seven Achillea populations growing wild in northwest Iran, during the flowering period were investigated. ...
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Genus Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae) consists of about 110-130 species. Nineteen species grow naturally in Iran of which seven are endemic. In this study, chemical composition of the essential oils of seven Achillea populations growing wild in northwest Iran, during the flowering period were investigated. The aerial parts were collected from Zonoz, Basmenj, Pirbala, Bonab, Shabestar, Kondlaj and Jolfa regions from Eest Azerbaijan province in May and June 2011. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation method and analyzed by combination of GC-FID and GC-MS. Mean essential oil yield was calculate to be 0.1%, 0.4%, 0.1%,0.2%, 0.1%, 0.25% and 0.4% (w/w) for Zonoz, Basmenj, Pirbala, Bonab, Shabestar, Kondlaj and Jolfa, respectively. Overall, 35, 38, 48, 43, 45, 37 and 42 compounds were identified from Zonoz, Basmenj, Pirbala, Bonab, Shabestar, Kondlaj and Jolfa, respectively. The main constituents of the oils were δ-cadinol (23.3-3.7%), 1,8-cineole (18.5-7.7%), trans-nerolidole (2.6-11.3%), germacrene D (2.7-10.9%), alpha-pinene (1.06-9.44%), borneole (0.0-6.5%) and pinocarvone (2.8-6.3%). According to the obtained results, Basmenj and Zonoz are recommended as two suitable regions for the extraction of 1,8-cineol and δ-cadinol.
F. Askari; M. Mirza
Abstract
Centaurea depressa M. Bieb. (wheat flower) is a medicinal plant that its extraction is used for eye irrigation and somewhat reduces gastrointestinal irritation. This research was aimed to investigate the essential oil of C. depressa. Different organs of C. depressa were collected from Damavand and Tehran ...
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Centaurea depressa M. Bieb. (wheat flower) is a medicinal plant that its extraction is used for eye irrigation and somewhat reduces gastrointestinal irritation. This research was aimed to investigate the essential oil of C. depressa. Different organs of C. depressa were collected from Damavand and Tehran at flowering stage. The plant organs including stem plus leaf, root and inflorescence were separated and dried at laboratory temperature and then were ground to small particles. Essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation method and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The yield of essential oil of stem plus leaf, root and inflorescence of Damavand samples were 0.18%, 0.13% and 0.07% w/w (dried weight), respectively and for Tehran samples the values of 0.10%, 0.13% and 0.08% were recorded, respectively. In Damavand, the major constituents of essential oil obtained from stem plus leaf, root and inflorescence were thymol (56.5%), spathulenol (12.7%) and germacrene D (9.9%); pentadecadiene-1-ol (32.2%) and Z-7-hexadecene (29.5%); and germacrene D (32.4%), germacrene B (9.4%) and thymol (8.7%), respectively. In Tehran, the major constituents of essential oil obtained from stem plus leaf, root and inflorescence were Spathulenol (25.4%), Eudesms-4(15)-7-diene-1-b-ol (14.5%) and germacrene D (13.7%); tetradecanal (30.7%), caryophyllene oxide (23.7%) and Z-7-hexadecene (22.3%); and tetradecanal (82.3%) and Z-7-hexadecene (15.5%), respectively. According to the results, it can be concluded that there is variability in essential oil compositions of the two sites and even in different plant's organs.
M.R. Akhgar; M. Moradalizadeh
Abstract
The genus Nepeta (Labiatae) with the common Persian name of “Pune-sa” includes 67 species in Iran and Nepeta schiraziana Boiss. is one of its endemic species. In this study, the stems, flowers and leaves of Nepeta schiraziana were collected from Sepidan region in north-west of Fars Province. ...
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The genus Nepeta (Labiatae) with the common Persian name of “Pune-sa” includes 67 species in Iran and Nepeta schiraziana Boiss. is one of its endemic species. In this study, the stems, flowers and leaves of Nepeta schiraziana were collected from Sepidan region in north-west of Fars Province. The essential oils of stems, flowers and leaves of the plant were separately obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. In each oils of the stem and flower, fourteen components were identified with 1,8-cineole (45.6% and 39.4%), germacrene D (17.4% and 15.8%), and β-caryophyllene (11.7% and 10.6%) as the main constituents, respectively. Furthermore, 1,8-cineole (38.5%), β-caryophyllene (14.2%), and caryophyllene oxide (11.7%) were the major components among the 18 constituents characterized in the leaf oil. As a result, 1,8-cineole was the dominant compound in the investigated oils while nepetalactone isomers reported in many Nepeta species, were not identified in Nepeta schiraziana.
N. Piroozi; H. Azarnivand; A. Kohandel; F. Khalighi-Sigaroodi
Abstract
One of the rangeland species that has many capabilities considering the studies done in terms of multiple uses is Bidens bipinnata L. which belongs to Compositae family and Bidens genus. This research was conducted in Karaj area in order to identification the chemical compounds in aerial parts of Bidens ...
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One of the rangeland species that has many capabilities considering the studies done in terms of multiple uses is Bidens bipinnata L. which belongs to Compositae family and Bidens genus. This research was conducted in Karaj area in order to identification the chemical compounds in aerial parts of Bidens bipinnata. To study on ingredients of the essential oil, after complete identification of plant and determination of its habitat, the aerial parts of the plant in fruit stage were collected. Plant samples were dried in shade condition and essential oils were extracted by Clevenger apparatus through Hydrodistilation method. Chemical compounds of the essential oil were completely separated and identified by (GC) and (GC/MS). Thirty one compounds were identified that among those, α-pinene (25.83%), β-myrcene (22.73%), germacrene D (10.20%), Bicyclogermacrene (7.61%), δ-elemene (3.50%), spathulenol (2.94%), were identified as major compounds respectively.
F. Sefidkon; A. Bahmanzadegan; M. Golipour; V. Mozafarian; S. Meshkizadeh
Abstract
The genus Bunium comprised of 14 species in Iran, two of them (B. wolfi and B. lurestanicum) are endemic. Among these species, only B. persicum is famous and used in medicinal and nutrition industries. In this research, two other species of Bunium named as B. cylindricum (Boiss.& Hohen.) Drude and ...
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The genus Bunium comprised of 14 species in Iran, two of them (B. wolfi and B. lurestanicum) are endemic. Among these species, only B. persicum is famous and used in medicinal and nutrition industries. In this research, two other species of Bunium named as B. cylindricum (Boiss.& Hohen.) Drude and B. rectangulum Boiss.& Hausskn., were studied. At first, different parts of these plants were collected from their habitats. Different parts were separated and then dried. The dried plant materials were subjected to hydro-distillation for obtaining the essential oils. The oils were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Seventeen components were characterized in the oil of aerial parts of B. cylindricum at flowering stage. Germacrene D (31.2%), dill apiol (26.9%), E- caryophyllene (11.6%) and germacrene B (7.1%) were the main constituents. 20 compounds were identified in the seed oil of B. cylindricum with dill apiol (25.8%), E- caryophyllene (15.4%), globulol (12.2%), spathulenol (7.2%) and germacrene D (6.6%) as main components. 11 compounds were identified in the seed oil of B. rectangulum with dill apiol (63.3%), Germacrene D (22.4%) and E-caryophyllene (5.1%) as main components. 21 components were characterized in the flower oil of B. rectangulum. Germacrene D (36.7%), Dill apiol (11.1%), bicyclogermacrene (16.5%) and E-caryophyllene (15.9%) were the main constituents. The results showed that the essential oils of both species contained mainly sesquiterpens, but the percentages of these compounds were different.
M. Najafpour Navaei; M. Mirza
Abstract
Scaligeria (Apiaceae) is represented in Iran by seven species, which is located in natural habitat. In this Research the fruits and leaves of Scaligeria assyriaca Freyn & Bornm. were collected from Khorasan province.The oil constituents from fruits and leaves of this plant have been studied by GC ...
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Scaligeria (Apiaceae) is represented in Iran by seven species, which is located in natural habitat. In this Research the fruits and leaves of Scaligeria assyriaca Freyn & Bornm. were collected from Khorasan province.The oil constituents from fruits and leaves of this plant have been studied by GC and GC/MS. The major constituents in leaf oil were found to be germacrene D (21.1%), β-caryophyllene (13.4%) and α-copaene (10.2%). In the fruit oil the main components were myristicin (24.3%), germacrene D (13.7%) and elemicin (11%). β-Sesquiphellandrene and kessanwere identified ranging (10% and 8.7%) and (7.4% and 9.5%) in leaf and fruit oils, respectively.
