Improvement and breeding
J. Gheshlaghpour; R. Khademian; B. Asghari; B. Sedaghati
Abstract
To evaluate the silicon effects on morphological characteristics as well as the percentage and composition of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) essential oil under cadmium stress, a factorial greenhouse experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design. The treatments included cadmium metal (Cd) as ...
Read More
To evaluate the silicon effects on morphological characteristics as well as the percentage and composition of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) essential oil under cadmium stress, a factorial greenhouse experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design. The treatments included cadmium metal (Cd) as the first factor at three levels of 0, 25, and 50 mg kg-1 soil and silicon (Si) as the second factor with concentrations of 0, 1, and 2 mM. The characteristics including root length, fresh and dry weight of roots, plant height, fresh and dry weight of stems, stem diameter, number of leaves, fresh weight of leaves, number of buds, number of sub-stems, and percentage and composition of essential oil were evaluated. The results showed that Cd had negative effects on all studied morphological characteristics and significantly decreased their values compared to the control. However, Si treatment improved all these traits and with increasing the concentration of this element, a significant increase in the values of these traits was observed. Application of Si in the concentration of 2 mM caused 63.8, 81, 61, and 61% increase in the number of sub-stems, root fresh weight, stem fresh weight, and number of buds compared to the control, respectively. The amounts of five major constituents of basil essential oil including 1,8-cineole, linalool, estragole, methyl eugenol, and eugenol were affected significantly with the Cd and Si treatments. However, the interaction of these two treatments showed a significant effect only on the three compounds 1,8-cineole, linalool, and methyl eugenol. The maximum amounts of 1,8-cineole (5.06%) and methyl eugenol (6.21%) were observed in the plants which simultaneously exposed to the highest concentrations of Cd and Si. The amount of linalool was also decreased with the presence of Cd and increased with the Si treatment. The Cd treatment increased the amount of estragole by 12.8% and decreased the amount of eugenol by 25.2%. The Si treatment also increased the amount of estragole by 23.9% and decreased the amount of eugenol by 18.3%.
F. Safikhani; H. Heydarye sharifabadi; S.A. Syadat; E. Sharifi ashorabadi; S.M. Syednedjad; B. Abbaszadeh
Volume 23, Issue 2 , August 2007, , Pages 183-194
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of drought stress on yield and morphologic characteristics of Deracocephalum moldavica L. under field condition, this research wsa conducted in 2004-2005 at Alborz station. Experiment was carried out in a split plot with randomized complete block design with four replications. ...
Read More
In order to investigate the effect of drought stress on yield and morphologic characteristics of Deracocephalum moldavica L. under field condition, this research wsa conducted in 2004-2005 at Alborz station. Experiment was carried out in a split plot with randomized complete block design with four replications. Main factors consisted of three plant populations of Deracocephalum moldavica L. which were collected from Tehran, Esfahan and Farse provinces. Subplots consisted of three level of drought stress (100%, 60% and 40% Fc). The results showed the effect of different plant population on morphological characteristics and yield were not significant. Effect of drought stress on length, cross and leaf surface, high plant, stem diameter, lateral shoot, length of highest internodes, weight of 1000 grain and flower shoot, leaf, stem and biological yield were significant. Mean of treatments showed that control (without drought stress treatments) at first and second years were 4126 and 4033 kg/ha of flower shoot and 4929 and 4921 kg/ha biological yield had significant differences with other drought levels. Mean of interaction effects of main and sub plots not showed significant difference for shoot flower production. Highest biological yield was related to controls of three plant population which were different to other treatments. It could be included from this investigation that mild stress could be applied in complete flower stage harvest.
S.R. Tabaei-Aghdaei; M.B. Rezaee; M. Jebelly
Volume 20, Issue 1 , April 2004, , Pages 111-122
Abstract
Rosa damascena Mill. genotypes from different areas of Iran, were cultivated at the experimental field of Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, using a three replicated randomized complete blocks design. 11 genotypes were compared based on flower yield and morphological characteristics, ...
Read More
Rosa damascena Mill. genotypes from different areas of Iran, were cultivated at the experimental field of Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, using a three replicated randomized complete blocks design. 11 genotypes were compared based on flower yield and morphological characteristics, including plant height, canopy, spine density , spine length, branch angel and leaf number. Evaluation of the obtained data was performed using ANOVA, mean classification and correlation analysis. Genotypes showed significant differences in terms of the measured traits. Comparison of means, classified the genotypes in 3, 4 and 3 groups, based on flower yield, flower number, and average flower weight, respectively. Also, the genotypes were classified in different groups, based on morphological characteristics. The results also indicated that there is a good relationship between some of the measured traits, particularly between yield and number of flowers. It could be concluded from the results of different analyses that although the genotypes could be grouped based on geographical origins, flower yield and number and some of the morphological characteristics could be used as appropriate selection factors for classification of damask rose genotypes, in order to use in breeding programs.
