I. Rasaee; M. Ghannadnia; S. Baghshahi
Abstract
Recent advances in the biological sciences have become particularly important because they are the basis for some related sciences such as agriculture, medicine, pharmacology, biotechnology, and even bionanotechnology. In this study, the effect of different salinity treatments (0, 50, 100, and 150 µM) ...
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Recent advances in the biological sciences have become particularly important because they are the basis for some related sciences such as agriculture, medicine, pharmacology, biotechnology, and even bionanotechnology. In this study, the effect of different salinity treatments (0, 50, 100, and 150 µM) on Hyssopus officinalis L. and the properties of silver nanoparticles) Ag NPs) biosynthesized using these under-salinity stress plants leaves extract were investigated. The color change of the solutions, surface plasmon resonance at 450 nm and X-ray diffraction pattern confirmed the biosynthesis of Ag NPs. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images showed that most of the nanoparticles were spherical, with few angular shapes visible in 50 and 100 µM treatments. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results revealed the participant functional groups of the plant extract in the biosynthesis process such as OH, CO, =CH and C=C. The 50 µM salinity treatment had the highest effect on increasing plant metabolites. The smallest nanoparticles (25.3 nm and spherical) were related to the control treatment. Some nanoparticles biosynthesized using the extract obtained from 150 µM salinity treatment were angular in shape with 34.2 nm in size and showed the highest antibacterial properties. Gram-negative bacteria were more sensitive to Ag NPs than the gram-positive ones. These results, following our previous research, revealed for the first time the effect of salinity treatments on the properties of Ag NPs biosynthesized using hyssop extract. The present results can provide an interesting background for Ag NPs biosynthesis that can be a good alternative to antibiotics.
F. Soleymani; A.R. Pirzad
Abstract
Some crops have the ability to withstand environmental stresses as they prevent further production of oxygen free radicals or cope with the produced free radicals. Accordingly, in order to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal fungi species on eco-physiological characteristics of Hyssopus officinalis ...
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Some crops have the ability to withstand environmental stresses as they prevent further production of oxygen free radicals or cope with the produced free radicals. Accordingly, in order to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal fungi species on eco-physiological characteristics of Hyssopus officinalis L., a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted with three replications at the research farm of west Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center in 2012. Treatments were species of mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus mousseae, G. intraradicese, G. fasiculatum, G. claroideum, Acaulospora longula and control without mycorrhiza) and four levels of irrigation (irrigation at 80, 70, 60 and 50% field capacity). Results showed the significant effects of irrigation and mycorrhiza on the ascorbate peroxidase, and significant interaction between irrigation and fungi species on the percentage of mycorrhizal colonization, catalase activity and superoxide dismutase. The order of highest colonization of Hyssop root was G. mosseae, G. intraradices, G. fasiculatum, G. claroideum and A. longula compared to control treatment in all irrigation levels. The highest activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in plants inoculated with G. mosseae, G. fasiculatum, G. fasiculatum and G. claroideum belonged to irrigation at 50, 60, 50 and 50% of field capacity, respectively. However, the highest ascorbate peroxidase belonged to irrigation at 50% field capacity. In conclusion, the results showed that mycorrhizal species affected the amendment of water deficit stress due to the increased antioxidant enzyme activity in order to neutralize the effects of free radicals and cell membrane stability.