Agriculture and horticulture
P. Karimi; A. Sahraroo; H. Zakizadeh; M.H. Biglouei; B. Faraji
Abstract
Chelidonium majus L. has a special place among medicinal plants with its alkaloid and extensive pharmacological properties. To investigate the effects of irrigation interval and ammonium nitrate on some of this medicinal plant properties, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized ...
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Chelidonium majus L. has a special place among medicinal plants with its alkaloid and extensive pharmacological properties. To investigate the effects of irrigation interval and ammonium nitrate on some of this medicinal plant properties, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications in the research greenhouse of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, the University of Guilan, in 2017. The experimental factors included irrigation interval at three levels of 4 (I1), 8 (I2), and 12 (I3) days and ammonium nitrate at five levels of 0 (N0), 45 (N1), 60 (N2), 75 (N3), and 95 (N4) kg.ha-1. The ANOVA results showed that the interaction of irrigation interval and nitrogen fertilizer was significant on root fresh weight, fresh and aerial parts dry weight, total dry weight, and root volume at 5% probability level and root dry weight, total fresh weight, and alkaloid content of roots or aerial parts at 1% probability level. The highest root fresh weight (68.92 g.plant-1) was obtained in the I2N0 treatment. Also, the highest aerial parts fresh weight (33.54 g.plant-1) and total plant fresh weight (92.92 g.plant-1) were observed in the I2N4 treatment. The highest root (1.72 mg.g-1 DW) and aerial parts (1.23 mg.g-1 DW) alkaloid content was obtained in the I3N1 and I2N0 treatments, respectively. Overall, the 8-day irrigation interval with increasing the fertilizer amount and 12-day irrigation interval with less fertilizer amount (0-60 kg.ha-1) treatments could be recommended in the production of Ch. majus under greenhouse cultivation, respectively in terms of yield and different parts alkaloid content.
M. Mofid Bojnoordi; M. Aghdasi; M. Mianabadi; M. Nadaf
Abstract
Ephedra, belonging to the Ephedraceae family of gymnosperms, is a dioecious shrub, which has different medicinal properties. The purpose of this study was to compare some secondary metabolites of male and female stems of Ephedra major during August to October months. The male and female samples were ...
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Ephedra, belonging to the Ephedraceae family of gymnosperms, is a dioecious shrub, which has different medicinal properties. The purpose of this study was to compare some secondary metabolites of male and female stems of Ephedra major during August to October months. The male and female samples were collected from Bojnoord highlands and then were dried. The methanolic extract was separated by solvent method and total alkaloid, ephedrine, total phenol, total flavonoid and tannin levels were measured in collected samples. The measurement of total alkaloid and ephedrine content showed significant difference between male and female stems during different months. The highest amount of total alkaloid was obtained in samples collected from male stem during October month. While, the highest level of ephedrine was observed in samples collected in both male and female stems during August month. The data from HPLC analysis showed that ephedrine content ranged from 1.5 to 1.99 mg/g dry weight. Meanwhile, total phenol, total flavonoid and total tannin content ranged from 31.5-41.13, 3.51-5.81 and 15.57-24.46 mg/g dry weight, respectively. The obtained results revealed that there was significant difference between male and female stems in total phenol just in October, total flavonoid in September and October, and total tannin in August and September.
F. Mohammadi; R. Heidari; S. Hosieni; R. Jamei
Abstract
Medicinal plants are rich sources of secondary metabolites. Among these metabolites, alkaloids are an important group. Papaver bracteatum Lindl., Papaver orientale L. and Papaver fugex Poir are medicinal plants from Papaveraceae family. Medicinal characteristic of these plants depend on their capability ...
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Medicinal plants are rich sources of secondary metabolites. Among these metabolites, alkaloids are an important group. Papaver bracteatum Lindl., Papaver orientale L. and Papaver fugex Poir are medicinal plants from Papaveraceae family. Medicinal characteristic of these plants depend on their capability to produce and biosynthesis of benzophenanthridine alkaloids which are a sub-group of isoquinoline alkaloids. Morphinanes (morphine, codeine and thebaine) are a class of isoquinoline alkaloids with different functionality in medicine. Due to the importance of morphinanes in clinical and pharmacology fields, identification and extraction of these compounds from natural sources are a necessity. In this study, the plants were collected in the first stage of flowering. Sonicator and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used for extracting and determining of the morphinanes, respectively. UV-Spectrophotometer was also used to determine total alkaloids. The results showed that high amounts of thebaine alkaloid were found in three studied plants. Codeine content was lower than other alkaloids; however the distribution of these alkaloids was dissimilar in different parts of the plants. According to the results, the highest total alkaloid content was found in capsules and roots of Papaver bracteatum L. and Papaver orientale L., while shoot of Papaver fugax Poir. contained.
