M. Dini; P. Babakhanlou; M. Aliha; M. Golipur; F. Jafari
Volume 20, Issue 1 , April 2004, , Pages 99-109
Abstract
The effect of making wounds (incision)on bulgy roots of Ferula gumosa was studied in order to find the survival rate and yield of plants. This project was conducted over 4 years in Houmand absard station . Different sizes of bulgy roots were collected from Lar valley in Tehran province then transplanted ...
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The effect of making wounds (incision)on bulgy roots of Ferula gumosa was studied in order to find the survival rate and yield of plants. This project was conducted over 4 years in Houmand absard station . Different sizes of bulgy roots were collected from Lar valley in Tehran province then transplanted in to farm in Nov.1999.Three treatments were selected including making incision 3,4 and 5 times on the bulgy roots of 40 samples for each one that chose by random in sizes and control(treatment without incision) in July and August 2002. The survival rate and the yield of gum in different treatment were measured the result showed that the yield gum had decrease with the increase of incision times ,average of production and survival in analysis variation compared . There is no significant difference between the numbers of treatments(incision)and also no significant differece between survival of them in compare with control treatment . The highst production belongs to the three times incicsion and the lowest production belongs to the five times. After transplanting the roots from natural site to farm for gum extraction ,more than two years rest for making new combium and also bulgy roots with more than 15 cm. in diameter are needed.
M. Mohammadi; M. Dini; M. Tavakkoli
Volume 19, Issue 4 , January 2004, , Pages 367-387
Abstract
Gaz-e-Alfi (oak manna) is a valuable by - product of western oak forests especically in northern parts of Zagross . The material has high medicinal and comercial value. The manna is produces on the leave surfaces and yong branches of two species (Quercus infectoria Oliv. and Q. brantii Oliv.) by nymphs ...
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Gaz-e-Alfi (oak manna) is a valuable by - product of western oak forests especically in northern parts of Zagross . The material has high medicinal and comercial value. The manna is produces on the leave surfaces and yong branches of two species (Quercus infectoria Oliv. and Q. brantii Oliv.) by nymphs and adults activithes of two aphids: (Tuberculoides anulatus Hartig and Thelaxes suberi Del.). The material then is sticken as sugar cristalized and used. Production and utilization time of this material is on late spring and sometimes on first atumn. Distribution of host plants and aphids are in west Azarbaijan, Kordestan, Kermanshah and Lorestan provinces, but producer aphids in west Azarbaijan, Kordestan and Lorestan provinces are able to produce manna.
M. Mirza; M. Najafpour Navaei; M. Dini
Volume 19, Issue 3 , October 2003, , Pages 227-232
Abstract
Centaurea behen L. is a member of compositae, distributed in different region of Iran , and used as a medicinal plant. Hydro-distilled volatile oil from the aerial parts of this plant was obtained at yield of 0.5% w/w based on dry weight of plant. Centaurea ...
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Centaurea behen L. is a member of compositae, distributed in different region of Iran , and used as a medicinal plant. Hydro-distilled volatile oil from the aerial parts of this plant was obtained at yield of 0.5% w/w based on dry weight of plant. Centaurea behen was collected from Tehran province (Bomehen) and the oil was analysed by a combination of GC and GC/MS methods. Twenty-one compounds were identified that constitute 91% of the oil. The main constituents of the essential oil were β-caryophyllene (40.3%) , β-sesquiphellandrene (18.4%), and caryophyllene oxide (9.9%) . The structure of a guaianolide and lactones previously. reported from this plant by Rustaiyan
M. Mohammadi; M. Dini
Volume 17, Issue 1 , February 2003, , Pages 75-109
Abstract
The origin of the word of “Manna” has not been satisfactorily explained. Manna is a kind of sugar material produced on young plant organs during some insect activities or reaction of plant mechanical factors or temperature out of plant tissues. These material has high medicinal, nutritional ...
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The origin of the word of “Manna” has not been satisfactorily explained. Manna is a kind of sugar material produced on young plant organs during some insect activities or reaction of plant mechanical factors or temperature out of plant tissues. These material has high medicinal, nutritional and commercial values are accounted as important by-product of Forests and Rangelands in some areas produces and uses. Some plant manna that which have been investigated in national projects titled.
“Investigation and identification of manna sources and production mechanism in Iran” in Tehran and other parts of Iran in the period 1993-2000 which are discussed in this paper include:
1- Gazangabin (Astragal Manna):
It is a manna exudes as white spiral, segmented fibes by Cyamophila dicora Log. (Hom.: Psylidae) nymphs.
2- Shir-Khesht (Cotoneaster Manna):
Occur as sweet, small, grayish-white granules during july and early August on Cotoneaster branches attacked by Scolytus rogulosus Mull. In few days the material sloughs off, which is then collected and mixed with what flour used as laxative.
3- Bid-Khesht (Willow Manna):
A white, sweet fairly hard, manna with delightful smell. This compound is produced on the leaves and young branches of some willow by Tuberolachnus salignus (Gmelin), an aphid of Lachnidae family.
4- Shekar-Tighal (Trehala Manna):
Shekar-tighal is a manna produced on young shoots or leaves of Echinops spp. By the salivary glands of weevils (Larinus spp.) The compound dries and hardens fast following exudation. Several species of weevils of the genus Larinus ave so far been collected and identified as producing agents in Tehran, Fars, Lorestan, Esfahan, Khorassan and East-Azarbaijan provinces, These include: Larinus onopordi L., L. o. var. maculatus Fahr. L. arabicus Cap., L. mellificus and L. vulpes Olive.
5- Gaz-e-Alafi (Oak manna):
Gaz-e-Alafi is a valuable by-product of western oak forests specially in northern parts of Zagross. The manna is produces on the leaves surfaces and young branches of two oak species (Quercus infectoria Oliv. And Q. brantii Oliv.) by nymphs and adults activities of two aphids (Tuberculoides anualatus Harting and Thelaxes suberi Del.). The material then is sticken as sugar crystallized and used. Production and utilization time of this material is on late spring and sometimes on first autumn. Distribution of host plants and aphids are in West-Azarbaijan, Kordestan, Kermanshah and Lorestan provinces, but producer aphids in West-Azarbaijan, Kordestan and Lorestan provinces are able to produce manna.
6- Gaz-e-Shahdad (Tamarisk Manna)
This sweet yellowish-white compound is produced by two species of insects such as; (Euscelis sp. Family Cicadelidae order Homoptera and Tuponia subaltera Drop. Family miridae order Heteroptera) on young branches of Tamarix aphylla.
7- Tarangabin (Camel’s thorn Manna):
Camel’s thorn Manna is a sugar made compound produced by Poophilus nebulosus Family Cercopidae, order Homoptera as a tiny white granules on the end part of Camel’s thorn (alhagi camelorum).
M. Dini; P. Babakhanlou
Volume 16, Issue 1 , January 2003, , Pages 41-99
Abstract
From earliest times Man had to learn which plants would feed him, which were pleasant –flavored, which were poisonous, which would alleviate pain or other symptoms of illness, which could be used as efficient fuel,which would provide pigments for coloring and dyeing, and which were the magic plants ...
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From earliest times Man had to learn which plants would feed him, which were pleasant –flavored, which were poisonous, which would alleviate pain or other symptoms of illness, which could be used as efficient fuel,which would provide pigments for coloring and dyeing, and which were the magic plants that could transport him from reality. It was a long trial – and - error process,as a result of which hundreds of plants were selected in various parts of the world for their specific value to Man. Medicinal plants greatly outnumbered those grown or used as food, and the medicine man and witch - doctor were skilled botanists who had an important role and status in society.They can be considered as the first professional botanists.
As civilizations developed, more and more plants became known, and information about their properties and uses spread from society to society.
The number of plant species used by Man run into the thousands.Not only do they include the major and minor food crops,the timber species, the herbs and spices,the medicinal and drug plants and hallucinogens, the beverage plants, but those that provide us with fibers, cork, tannins, dyes, resins, starches, oils, waxes, and countless other products used in our daily lives. And then there are the thousands of species of trees,shrubs and herbs grown in parks and gardens and in streets for ornament, decoration, display and pleasure, and the very important group of plants grown as animal foder.
This checklist has designed as a guide for more than 1500 useful plants, arranged alphabetically under the scientific nam and property and use by number in the parenthesis.
M. Dini; P. Babakhanlou; M.M. Aliha; M. Gholipur
Volume 13, Issue 1 , July 2002, , Pages 25-40
Abstract
Acording to results of the investigation. Ferula galbaniflue Boiss. Syn. F.gumosa Boiss. Distributed in Lar watersheds (Lar valley) because of the climate, and Ferula persica Willed. Distributed in other watersheds, in Tehran province.
1- Ferula galbanifflua ...
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Acording to results of the investigation. Ferula galbaniflue Boiss. Syn. F.gumosa Boiss. Distributed in Lar watersheds (Lar valley) because of the climate, and Ferula persica Willed. Distributed in other watersheds, in Tehran province.
1- Ferula galbanifflua Boiss. And Buhse, Galbanum (Umbelliferae) syn. F. gumosa Boiss. Perennial herb. Iran. Turkestan. Source of Galbanum a gum-resinous exudation from wounds in the stems and roots. Composed of irregular masses or of tears, orange- brown to brownish black. Known in Iran as Ghasnih, and Barijeh. Much used medicinally as carminative, expectorant, antispasmodic. Contains an essential Oil a resin, Umbelliferon and galbaresinotannol.
2- Ferula persica Willd. (Umbelliferae) Perennial herb. Caucasis, Iran, source of sagapenum gum: sold in tears or cakes: locally used for rheumatism and lumbago.
M. Dini; P. Babakkhanlou; M. Mohammadi; M. Gholipour
Volume 12, Issue 1 , May 2002, , Pages 67-85
Abstract
Acording to result of the inverstigation the manna knows as Shekar Tighal is excretion of insect and obtained from the cocoon case of a beetle, larinus spp. This is found on the leaves and stalks of species of Echinops.
The cocoon collected from the Echinops orientalis. E. cephalotes in the North east ...
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Acording to result of the inverstigation the manna knows as Shekar Tighal is excretion of insect and obtained from the cocoon case of a beetle, larinus spp. This is found on the leaves and stalks of species of Echinops.
The cocoon collected from the Echinops orientalis. E. cephalotes in the North east (Ozgol 1750 m), North west (Kohedashteh 1800 m), West (Qazvin 1000 m), and South (parandak 1600 m) in province of Tehran. Species of Larinus in this province is Larinus mellificus (coloptera), (curculionidae).
Distribution in dry sandy places, wast places in hills and mountains.
Altitud of collection area between 1000-2000 m. There are species Echinops leiopolycoras, E.ritrodes and E. spp. In province of Tehran that some of them had no cocoon.
The time for collection sep-oct.
A decoction of Trehala was used to relieve respiratory ailments.
Mohammad Dini; Parviz Babakhanlou; Mahmoud Mohammadi; Mostafa Gholipour
Volume 11, Issue 1 , February 2002, , Pages 53-71
Abstract
Acording to result of the investigation. The manna knows as Bid Khesht is excretion of insect. This manna has collected from several species of salix spp. S. accmophylla Boiss S. aegyptica L. S. alba L. S. excelsa Gme S. zygostemom Boiss Manna available in many parts of Tehran province, the time for ...
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Acording to result of the investigation. The manna knows as Bid Khesht is excretion of insect. This manna has collected from several species of salix spp. S. accmophylla Boiss S. aegyptica L. S. alba L. S. excelsa Gme S. zygostemom Boiss Manna available in many parts of Tehran province, the time for collection June to August. Bid angbin is excretion of the insect, named Tuberolachnos salignus Gme belong to lachnidea family. It is valued chiefly as medicinal product (pectoral, purgative).
M. Dini; P. Babakhanlou; M. Mohammadi; M. Golipoor
Abstract
Acording to results of the investigation, the manna know as Shir-khest exudes from the branches of two species of cotoneaster (Rosaceae). C. nummularia Fisch & Mey and C. nummularioides Pojark Atraphaxis spinosa L. (Polygonaceae) has no manna in Tehran. Province (even in other places.) The manna ...
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Acording to results of the investigation, the manna know as Shir-khest exudes from the branches of two species of cotoneaster (Rosaceae). C. nummularia Fisch & Mey and C. nummularioides Pojark Atraphaxis spinosa L. (Polygonaceae) has no manna in Tehran. Province (even in other places.) The manna of Shir-khesht collected from the shrubs in kushk-E-BALA village altitude 1900-2200 m (31 Km far from karadj in chalus road.) Shrubs in this area have been attacked by insect of scolytus rugulosus Mull (col. Scolytidae., Scolytinae.) and in other places which also have shrubs but without insect and larva so have no exudation. Larvae of this insect makes tunnel under the skin and destroy cambium then from these sites manna exudes. Exudation concern to humidity and tempereture of the sites, in the end of July to early August the difference of Maximums and Minimus temperatures are significant and high over twenty degree centigrade and in this period precipitation comes near Zero. Shir-khist occurs in small yellowish-white granules about the size of millet seed. During July and early August the branches of the cotoneaster become covered with the exudation, after few days become hard, collect and mixe with flour. it is valued chiefly as medicinal product (pectoral, purgotive.).
M. Mirza; M. Dini
Volume 8, Issue 1 , July 2001, , Pages 91-102
Abstract
Diplotaenia damavandica is an endemic plant and it is considered as an important pasture,s plant. The volatile Constituents of aerial parts of Diplotaenia damavandica (umbelliferae) Collected from Iran (Lavasanat-Tehran), was investigated by GC/MS. Nineteen Components identified in This oil. The main ...
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Diplotaenia damavandica is an endemic plant and it is considered as an important pasture,s plant. The volatile Constituents of aerial parts of Diplotaenia damavandica (umbelliferae) Collected from Iran (Lavasanat-Tehran), was investigated by GC/MS. Nineteen Components identified in This oil. The main Components were a phellandrene (24.0%), Cis-ß-Ocimene (23.1%) terpinolene(19.6%) and B-phellandrene (11.3%) amounted to 78% of the, total oil.
