F. Askari; M. Mirza; M. Golipour; S. Fekri Qomi
Abstract
The genus Achillea has 19 species of herbaceous, perennial and aromatic plant in Iran. This genus of compositae family has complex characteristics. Chamazolene is a major component of essential oil of inflorescence and leaf, reported to be used in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. A. millefolium ...
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The genus Achillea has 19 species of herbaceous, perennial and aromatic plant in Iran. This genus of compositae family has complex characteristics. Chamazolene is a major component of essential oil of inflorescence and leaf, reported to be used in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. A. millefolium L. subsp. elbursensis is an endemic subspecies of Iran and no studies have been conducted on the cultivation of this species; therefore a preliminary study was conducted on the cultivation and its effect on secondary metabolites. For this purpose, the seeds of Achillea were collected from Dizine area in October 2016. The seeds of Achillea were cultivated in a greenhouse at the beginning of March and seedlings were transplanted to the farm in late April 2017.At flowering stage in August, aerial parts were collected in two consecutive years to obtain the essential oils. To compare the essential oil of cultivated samples with habitat samples, the aerial parts of Achillea were collected from Dizin at the flowering stage in August 2017. The plant parts including leaf and inflorescence were dried in laboratory and were crushed to particles. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and were analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS. The color of A. millefolium essential oils was dark blue. The yields of A. millefolium essential oils of leaf and inflorescence (w/w dried weight) from habitat samples were 0.11% and 0.53%, respectively, and from cultivated samples were 0.28% and 0.50% in 2017 and 0.26% and 1.30% in 2018, respectively. Chamazulene was the major constituent of leaf (5.7%) and inflorescence (52.5%) oils in the habitat samples. The content of this compound in cultivated samples was 50.6% and 67.1% in the first year, and 59.6% and 71.3% in the second year, respectively. Another major constituents were caryophyllene alcohol, caryophyllene oxide, camphor, borneol and b-eudesmol. Chamazulene as major compound of the oil, found in all aerial parts of cultivated samples, while, it was found only in the inflorescence of wild sample.
M. Dini; P. Babakhanlou; M. Aliha; M. Golipur; F. Jafari
Volume 20, Issue 1 , April 2004, , Pages 99-109
Abstract
The effect of making wounds (incision)on bulgy roots of Ferula gumosa was studied in order to find the survival rate and yield of plants. This project was conducted over 4 years in Houmand absard station . Different sizes of bulgy roots were collected from Lar valley in Tehran province then transplanted ...
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The effect of making wounds (incision)on bulgy roots of Ferula gumosa was studied in order to find the survival rate and yield of plants. This project was conducted over 4 years in Houmand absard station . Different sizes of bulgy roots were collected from Lar valley in Tehran province then transplanted in to farm in Nov.1999.Three treatments were selected including making incision 3,4 and 5 times on the bulgy roots of 40 samples for each one that chose by random in sizes and control(treatment without incision) in July and August 2002. The survival rate and the yield of gum in different treatment were measured the result showed that the yield gum had decrease with the increase of incision times ,average of production and survival in analysis variation compared . There is no significant difference between the numbers of treatments(incision)and also no significant differece between survival of them in compare with control treatment . The highst production belongs to the three times incicsion and the lowest production belongs to the five times. After transplanting the roots from natural site to farm for gum extraction ,more than two years rest for making new combium and also bulgy roots with more than 15 cm. in diameter are needed.
M. Dini; P. Babakhanlou; M.M. Aliha; M. Gholipur
Volume 13, Issue 1 , July 2002, , Pages 25-40
Abstract
Acording to results of the investigation. Ferula galbaniflue Boiss. Syn. F.gumosa Boiss. Distributed in Lar watersheds (Lar valley) because of the climate, and Ferula persica Willed. Distributed in other watersheds, in Tehran province.
1- Ferula galbanifflua ...
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Acording to results of the investigation. Ferula galbaniflue Boiss. Syn. F.gumosa Boiss. Distributed in Lar watersheds (Lar valley) because of the climate, and Ferula persica Willed. Distributed in other watersheds, in Tehran province.
1- Ferula galbanifflua Boiss. And Buhse, Galbanum (Umbelliferae) syn. F. gumosa Boiss. Perennial herb. Iran. Turkestan. Source of Galbanum a gum-resinous exudation from wounds in the stems and roots. Composed of irregular masses or of tears, orange- brown to brownish black. Known in Iran as Ghasnih, and Barijeh. Much used medicinally as carminative, expectorant, antispasmodic. Contains an essential Oil a resin, Umbelliferon and galbaresinotannol.
2- Ferula persica Willd. (Umbelliferae) Perennial herb. Caucasis, Iran, source of sagapenum gum: sold in tears or cakes: locally used for rheumatism and lumbago.
M. Dini; P. Babakkhanlou; M. Mohammadi; M. Gholipour
Volume 12, Issue 1 , May 2002, , Pages 67-85
Abstract
Acording to result of the inverstigation the manna knows as Shekar Tighal is excretion of insect and obtained from the cocoon case of a beetle, larinus spp. This is found on the leaves and stalks of species of Echinops.
The cocoon collected from the Echinops orientalis. E. cephalotes in the North east ...
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Acording to result of the inverstigation the manna knows as Shekar Tighal is excretion of insect and obtained from the cocoon case of a beetle, larinus spp. This is found on the leaves and stalks of species of Echinops.
The cocoon collected from the Echinops orientalis. E. cephalotes in the North east (Ozgol 1750 m), North west (Kohedashteh 1800 m), West (Qazvin 1000 m), and South (parandak 1600 m) in province of Tehran. Species of Larinus in this province is Larinus mellificus (coloptera), (curculionidae).
Distribution in dry sandy places, wast places in hills and mountains.
Altitud of collection area between 1000-2000 m. There are species Echinops leiopolycoras, E.ritrodes and E. spp. In province of Tehran that some of them had no cocoon.
The time for collection sep-oct.
A decoction of Trehala was used to relieve respiratory ailments.
Mohammad Dini; Parviz Babakhanlou; Mahmoud Mohammadi; Mostafa Gholipour
Volume 11, Issue 1 , February 2002, , Pages 53-71
Abstract
Acording to result of the investigation. The manna knows as Bid Khesht is excretion of insect. This manna has collected from several species of salix spp. S. accmophylla Boiss S. aegyptica L. S. alba L. S. excelsa Gme S. zygostemom Boiss Manna available in many parts of Tehran province, the time for ...
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Acording to result of the investigation. The manna knows as Bid Khesht is excretion of insect. This manna has collected from several species of salix spp. S. accmophylla Boiss S. aegyptica L. S. alba L. S. excelsa Gme S. zygostemom Boiss Manna available in many parts of Tehran province, the time for collection June to August. Bid angbin is excretion of the insect, named Tuberolachnos salignus Gme belong to lachnidea family. It is valued chiefly as medicinal product (pectoral, purgative).
M. Dini; P. Babakhanlou; M. Mohammadi; M. Golipoor
Abstract
Acording to results of the investigation, the manna know as Shir-khest exudes from the branches of two species of cotoneaster (Rosaceae). C. nummularia Fisch & Mey and C. nummularioides Pojark Atraphaxis spinosa L. (Polygonaceae) has no manna in Tehran. Province (even in other places.) The manna ...
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Acording to results of the investigation, the manna know as Shir-khest exudes from the branches of two species of cotoneaster (Rosaceae). C. nummularia Fisch & Mey and C. nummularioides Pojark Atraphaxis spinosa L. (Polygonaceae) has no manna in Tehran. Province (even in other places.) The manna of Shir-khesht collected from the shrubs in kushk-E-BALA village altitude 1900-2200 m (31 Km far from karadj in chalus road.) Shrubs in this area have been attacked by insect of scolytus rugulosus Mull (col. Scolytidae., Scolytinae.) and in other places which also have shrubs but without insect and larva so have no exudation. Larvae of this insect makes tunnel under the skin and destroy cambium then from these sites manna exudes. Exudation concern to humidity and tempereture of the sites, in the end of July to early August the difference of Maximums and Minimus temperatures are significant and high over twenty degree centigrade and in this period precipitation comes near Zero. Shir-khist occurs in small yellowish-white granules about the size of millet seed. During July and early August the branches of the cotoneaster become covered with the exudation, after few days become hard, collect and mixe with flour. it is valued chiefly as medicinal product (pectoral, purgotive.).
