Phytochemistry (extraction, identification and measurement of active components)
elnaz farajzadeh memari tabrizi; afsaneh yousefpour
Abstract
Background and objectives: Auxin and nano-humic acid are among the vital compounds for improving the growth and performance of plants, especially medicinal plants. Auxins are plant hormones that play a role in plant growth and development processes, including rooting, stem elongation, ...
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Background and objectives: Auxin and nano-humic acid are among the vital compounds for improving the growth and performance of plants, especially medicinal plants. Auxins are plant hormones that play a role in plant growth and development processes, including rooting, stem elongation, and regulating responses to environmental conditions. These hormones help regulate hormonal balance in plants and can help increase the quality and quantity of plant products. Nano-humic acid is also an organic compound that is obtained from the decomposition of organic matter in the soil and, due to its nano-sized dimensions, has better absorption capacity in plants. This compound helps improve soil properties, increase water retention capacity, facilitate nutrient absorption, and strengthen the plant's defense system. The use of nano-humic acid in combination with auxin can have positive effects on the growth and quality of medicinal plants, including increasing the content of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of auxin hormone and nano-humic acid on the physiological and morphological characteristics of the medicinal plant Valerian.Methodology: The treatments included different concentrations of auxin (0, 15, 30, and 45 ppm) and different concentrations of nano-humic acid (2, 4, and 6 g/l). Both treatments were applied as a foliar spray. This study was conducted in two years as a split-plot in a randomized block design. The dry weight of roots and shoots, and the content of auxin, cytokinin, and carbohydrates in roots and shoots were measured.Results: In this study, the effect of auxin hormone and nano-humic acid on the physiological and morphological characteristics of the medicinal plant Valerian was investigated. The results showed that the application of auxin at concentrations of 30 and 45 ppm significantly increased the dry weight of leaves, so that in the first year, foliar spraying of auxin at a concentration of 30 ppm increased the dry weight of leaves by 15.1%, and in the second year, this increase reached 40%. Furthermore, in nano-humic acid treatments, foliar spraying at a concentration of 6 g/L significantly increased the dry weight of leaves, and it increased by 12.8% compared to not using nano-humic acid. The effect of auxin hormone also increased the chlorophyll content index, so that in the treatment with a concentration of 30 ppm, this index increased by 13.9%. In addition, the use of nano-humic acid at a concentration of 6 g/L also increased the chlorophyll index of leaves by 8%. Regarding root growth, the application of auxin, especially at concentrations of 30 and 45 ppm, increased the dry weight of roots by 33 to 39%, and nano-humic acid at a concentration of 6 g/L increased the dry weight of roots by 19.1%. Moreover, both auxin and nano-humic acid treatments increased the content of soluble sugars in leaves and roots, by 21.7% in the case of nano-humic treatment and by 14.6% in the case of auxin treatment.Conclusion: In general, the results of this study showed that both auxin and nano-humic acid compounds, by affecting the hormonal and metabolic processes of the plant, can significantly enhance the growth and yield of medicinal plants such as valerian and increase the indices of chlorophyll, soluble sugars, and root growth. Both auxin and nano-humic acid treatments enhance leaf and root growth and increase the yield of the medicinal plant valerian by increasing photosynthetic capacity, cytokinin content, and plant source power.
E. Farajzadeh Memari Tabrizi; M. Roshdi Maleki; N. Farajzadeh Memari Tabrizi; V. Ahmadzadeh
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of seed treatment on different strains of bacterial biofertilizers (control, Azosperilium 21, pseudomonas 168, istofyu, her bacillus and a combination of strains) and different strains of mycorrhizal fertilizer (control, Glomus mossae, G. intradices, ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of seed treatment on different strains of bacterial biofertilizers (control, Azosperilium 21, pseudomonas 168, istofyu, her bacillus and a combination of strains) and different strains of mycorrhizal fertilizer (control, Glomus mossae, G. intradices, G. hoei and all three strains of mycorrhiza) on growth, essential oil yield, and physiological characteristics of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Experiments were carried out in 2009 as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in the farms of the Malakan Islamic Azad University. The measured traits were crop height, leaf area, chlorophyll index, chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content, number of stomata in the leaf surface, number of stomata in the substrate, essential oil content, essential oil yield, dry matter yield, glycol peroxidase, catalase and proline. In this study, mycorrhizal fertilizer treatments had a positive effect on the growth and yield of basil essential oil. In addition to the improvement of growth indices, physiological parameters including chlorophyll a and b contents, number of stomata and antioxidant content increased as a result of application of manure. The essential oil yield increased by 16.1%, 11.9% and 17.9%, respectively, due to the application of Azospirilum 21, application of bacteria, and the combined application of bacterial biofertilizer strains. This increase was mainly due to the increase in the percentage of basil essential oil. Contrary to growth characteristics, physiological characteristics such as chlorophyll a and b content and antioxidant content were positively affected by the use of bacterial biofertilizer. According to the results of this study, the application of Azospirilium 21, application of the bacteria, and the combined application of bacterial biofertilizer strains along with each of the mycorrhizal fungi strains will increase the qualitative and quantitative properties of basil essential oil.
