M. Hamidi; Sh. Rahimi; N. Mojghani
Abstract
In this study, the effect of probiotics, extract powder of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) and licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) were investigated on blood parameters, immune response, carcass characteristics and performance of broilers. Three hundred and thirty six broiler chicks (Ross 308) were housed in ...
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In this study, the effect of probiotics, extract powder of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) and licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) were investigated on blood parameters, immune response, carcass characteristics and performance of broilers. Three hundred and thirty six broiler chicks (Ross 308) were housed in a completely randomized design with six treatments, four replicates and 14 birds in each experimental unit and reared on litter for 42 days. The treatments consisted of 1) basal diet + probiotic Hyprozyme, 2) basal diet + Bactocell, 3) basal diet + Prophyt (extract powder thyme + Hyprozyme + licorice), 4) basal diet + Phytobiotic (extract powder thyme + licorice), 5) control and 6) basal diet + antibiotic. The experimental diets were fed from day one until end of the experiment (day 42). Statistical analysis of data showed significant difference (P≤0.05) of FCR in probiotic Hyprozyme group ratio compared to the control group. Feed consumption was lowest (P≤0.05) in treatment 1 compared to others. The treatments had no significant effect on carcass characteristics. The relative weight of bursa Fabricius in antibiotic supplemented group was significantly different with treatment 3 (P≤0.05). Statistical analysis of the results showed significant difference (P≤0.05) of serum cholesterol in Bactocell group compared to control group. Addition of Haprozym to basal diet significantly increased (P≤0.05) the total protein and triglyceride levels compared to control group. Serum globulin was statistically higher (P≤0.05) in treatments 1, 3 and 4 compared to control group. The highest antibody titer against SRBC was observed in Bactocell group compared to control group (P≤0.05). Overall, it can be stated that the use of resources such as hypro-zyme (732gr/ton) and phytobiotic can be introduced as antibiotic alternatives in poultry production.
K. Chaab; Sh. Rahimi; P. Khaki
Abstract
This study was conducted to compare three herbal extracts (thyme, yarrow and garlic), antibiotic, and organic acids to reduce Campylobacter jejuni colonization in digestive tract of broiler chickens. A total of 336 one-day old male broilers (Cobb 500) were randomly allocated to 7 treatments, 4 replicates ...
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This study was conducted to compare three herbal extracts (thyme, yarrow and garlic), antibiotic, and organic acids to reduce Campylobacter jejuni colonization in digestive tract of broiler chickens. A total of 336 one-day old male broilers (Cobb 500) were randomly allocated to 7 treatments, 4 replicates with 12 birds in each replicate with a completely randomized design. The experimental groups included negative control (basal diet without challenge), the positive control (basal diet with challenge), organic acids (1 mL per liter in drinking water for first 14 days of age, then 8 hours each day until end of the experiment), antibiotic (oxytetracycline 100 ppm in feed), yarrow extract (1 mL per liter in drinking water), thyme extract (1 mL per liter in drinking water), and garlic extract (1 mL per liter in drinking water) throughout the experiment. Except for the negative control group, all chickens were orally challenged with (109cfu/mL) C. jejuni suspension on day 21. The negative control group was inoculated with 1 mL of saline solution. Feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were measured weekly. At end of the experiment (day 42), the blood samples were taken from the wing vein to determine serum biochemical parameters. The effect of treatments on the morphology of the small intestine, lymphatic organs weight, and colonization of C. jejuni were measured. The results of statistical analysis showed that treatments had significant effect (P>0.05) on Campylobacter jejuni colonization,so that, the highest and lowest levels of the bacterial colony were observed in positive control and antibiotic treatment. The negative control and yarrow treatments had a significant difference (P<0.05) with positive control. The experimental groups showed a significant effect on intestinal morphology and blood parameters (P>0.05). According to the results of this experiment, the use of above mentioned treatments had positive effects on decreasing serum cholesterol and triglyceride, as well as reducing the colonization of Campylobacter jejuni in digestive tract of broiler chickens.
M. Mirzavand; Sh. Rahimi; M.A. Sahari
Abstract
Antibiotics have a positive effect on broilers performance; however they may have negative effects such as microbial resistance in humans and animals. Medicinal plants are one of the alternatives to antibiotics as growth stimulators. A research was conducted to compare the effects of medicinal plants: ...
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Antibiotics have a positive effect on broilers performance; however they may have negative effects such as microbial resistance in humans and animals. Medicinal plants are one of the alternatives to antibiotics as growth stimulators. A research was conducted to compare the effects of medicinal plants: mint, basil, parsley, dill, coriander, garlic (1.5% in feed) with antibiotic virginiamycin (15ppm in feed) on broiler performance, blood factors, immune system, intestinal morphology and organoleptic tastes of broiler meat. For this purpose an experiment with a total of 480 d- old male broiler chicks (ROSS 308) were divided into eight treatments with three replicates of 20 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design (CRD). The highest body weight and the lowest feed intake were related to virginiamycin (p<0.05). There was no difference in feed conversion ratio among treatments (p>0.05). LDL and cholesterol levels were lowest in the group fed with garlic (p<0.05). Lower blood uric acid levels were associated with parsley (p<0.05). Relative weights of lymphoid organs (spleen and bursa Fabricious) as two immune indexes were compared among different groups which was not affected by treatments (p>0.05). Antibody response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in secondary response was higher in garlic and dill groups (p<0.05). Antibody responses to Newcastle disease vaccine (LaSota) was not affected by treatments (p>0.05). The lowest and highest heterophil/lymphocyte ratio was obtained in garlic group and control group (p<0.05), respectively. Villi height was not changed significantly in any segment of intestine (p<0.05). Ratio of villous height to crypt depth and villous height to basal width was significant (p<0.05). It is concluded that coriander and mint have significant effects in odor, color, texture and overall acceptance of broiler meat (p<0.05), so these plants can be used as feed additives in poultry diets.
B. Karimi; Sh. Rahimi; M.A. Karimi Torshizi
Abstract
The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of medicinal plants on growth performance, immune system and blood parameters of broilers. In this study, a total of 480 one-d-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly allocated to eight experimental groups, each with three replications and 20 birds ...
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The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of medicinal plants on growth performance, immune system and blood parameters of broilers. In this study, a total of 480 one-d-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly allocated to eight experimental groups, each with three replications and 20 birds in each replicate. The basal diet was consumed with 15-ppm virginiamycin and the plant extracts of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus L.), German chamomile (Matricaria chammomilla L.),Yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.), Iranian caraway (Bunium persicum (Boiss.) B. Fedtsch.), Garlic (Allium sativum L.) and licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.), at 0.1% in drinking water. At day 41, three birds of each experimental unit were bled to measure haematocrit, cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, uric acid, LDL and HDL. The birds were vaccinated against Newcastle disease (ND) via drinking water at day 23 and blood samples were taken at days 34 and 41.The highest ND titer and antibody titer to SRBC was observed in German chamomile group and eucalyptus group (p<0.05), respectively. The highest level of serum triglyceride was observed in virginiamycin group at day 42; however, it was not statistically significant with control group (p<0.05). The lowest level of cholesterol was measured in garlic group (p<0.05), and the lowest level of LDL was determined in eucalyptus group (p<0.05).
Z. Teymouri Zadeh; Sh. Rahimi; M.A. Karimi Torshizi; R. Omidbaigi
Abstract
This experiment was designed to investigate the comparison of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench.), garlic (Allium sativum L.) extracts and virginiamycin antibiotic as growth promoter in poultry industry on performance and carcass characteristics of Broilers. A total ...
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This experiment was designed to investigate the comparison of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench.), garlic (Allium sativum L.) extracts and virginiamycin antibiotic as growth promoter in poultry industry on performance and carcass characteristics of Broilers. A total four hundred and eighty 1-day old male broiler (Ross strain) chicks were assigned to the basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 0.15% virginiamycin, 0.1% extracts of thyme (Thymus vulgaris), coneflower (Echinacea purpurea), garlic (Allium sativum) and mixture of extracts with the same dose. At the end of the experiment two chickens from each replication were randomly selected and killed to investigate the weigh of digestive organs and fat pad. There was significant difference in feed conversion ratio (FCR) between the treatments (p0.05). Lowest and highest FCR was related to virginiamycin and coneflower (pThymus vulgaris) (p>0.05). There was no difference in carcass characteristics and fat pad except small intestinal weight. Virginiamycin had the lowest small intestinal weight but the control had the highest (p
Z. Teymouri Zadeh; Sh. Rahimi; M.A. Karimi Torshizi; R. Omidbaigi
Volume 25, Issue 1 , May 2009, , Pages 39-48
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate comparison of the effects on the intestinal microflora population and immune system of broilers of three commercial herbal extracts and virginiamycin antibiotic. A total four hundred and eighty 1-day old male broiler chicks were assigned to the basal diet (control) ...
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The present study was designed to evaluate comparison of the effects on the intestinal microflora population and immune system of broilers of three commercial herbal extracts and virginiamycin antibiotic. A total four hundred and eighty 1-day old male broiler chicks were assigned to the basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 150 ppm virginiamycin, 0.1% extract of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench.), garlic (Allium sativum L.) and blend of extracts with the same dose. The colony forming units of Escherichia coli in digesta of ileo-cecum in the blend group showed a significantly lower number compared with control group. However, there was no difference in E. coli countsbetween blend group and others except control. The lactic acid bacteria counts in the thyme group increased compared with other groups except coneflower (p<0.05). Relative weights of immune organs (spleen and bursa of Fabricious) as two immune indexes were compared among different groups. Relative weight of bursa of Fabricious in the Garlic group showed a significantly increase compared with other groups, but relative weight of spleen was unaffected by treatments. Cutaneous basophils hypersensitivity response (to phytohemagglutinin injection) and antibody responses to sheep red blood cells were higher in coneflower group (p<0.05). Antibody responses to Newcastle vaccine (Lasota) was unaffected by treatments but coneflower group improved antibody levels (p>0.05).
