Phytochemistry (extraction, identification and measurement of active components)
P. Arvin; R. Firouzeh
Abstract
To evaluate the biological potential and medicinal properties, the biochemical compounds and quantity and essential oil quality of Chenopodium botrys L. grown in the natural habitat located in Raz and Jargalan city, North Khorasan province was investigated. Leaves or flowering branches sampling was done ...
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To evaluate the biological potential and medicinal properties, the biochemical compounds and quantity and essential oil quality of Chenopodium botrys L. grown in the natural habitat located in Raz and Jargalan city, North Khorasan province was investigated. Leaves or flowering branches sampling was done at full flowering stage. The content of biochemical compounds, including phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity, was measured. The essential oil of flowering branches and leaves together was extracted by water distillation method and Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The results showed that the content of phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity of leaves or flowering branches methanol extracts was obtained 83.2 and 91.4 (mg GA.g-1 DW), 14 and 17 (mg QUE.g-1 DW), and 91 and 77 (μg.ml-1), respectively. Twenty-six compounds were identified in the essential oil. Elemol (17.2%), juniper camphor (7.9%), and bulnesol (6.9%) were the main compounds of essential oil. Also, the essential oil content was obtained 0.36% (w/w). Also, the leaves extract had significantly higher content of anthocyanin (3.1 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside.g-1 DW) compared to the flowering branches one. Overall, based on the results it can be concluded that Ch. botrys is a promising source of antioxidant compounds and is expected to be used in the food, medicine, and health products.
Identification, introduction, ecology and ethnobotany
P. Arvin; R. Firuzeh
Abstract
Ethnobotany is a branch of traditional knowledge that studies the role of plants of a certain district in the knowledge of its indigenous people and is the recovery of unwritten traditions that are in the danger of extinction. Therefore, a study conducted to identify the medicinal plants of Razo-Jargalan ...
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Ethnobotany is a branch of traditional knowledge that studies the role of plants of a certain district in the knowledge of its indigenous people and is the recovery of unwritten traditions that are in the danger of extinction. Therefore, a study conducted to identify the medicinal plants of Razo-Jargalan district and use of the knowledge and experience of the indigenous to introduce the properties and unknown dimensions of the desired medicinal plants. The information about various aspects of plants such as the traditional uses, how to use, and sampling time of plants were collected from the experienced natives. The results of the present study showed that out of 85 medicinal plant species, 14 ones belonged to the fam. Asteraceae, followed by the fam. Lamiaceae with 13 species and the fam. Apiaceae with 11 species. Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) with 201, thyme (Thymus transcaspicus Klokov) with 191, and artemisia (Artemisia siberi Besser.) with 178 showed the highest use of report (UR). A. siberi with 0.77, G. glabra with 0.73, and Th. transcaspicus with 0.69 had also the highest amount of relative frequency of citation index (RFC). Five life forms including hemicryptophytes (38 species), therophytes (16 species), phanerophytes (16 species), chameophytes (11 species), and geophytes (4 species) were observed among the species. The aerial parts was the most used part of medicinal plants in this region and the main uses of medicinal plants were in the treatment of digestive, general and unspecified, respiratory, and skin diseases, respectively. Regarding the informant consensus factor (ICF), the musculoskeletal diseases group obtained the highest value of this index (0.96) among the other groups.
Agriculture and horticulture
P. Arvin; R. Firuzeh
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most important and common environmental stresses that affects the quantitative and qualitative yield of many plants. Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) is one of the most well-known medicinal plants, which is used in the cure of many diseases due to its various effective ...
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Salinity is one of the most important and common environmental stresses that affects the quantitative and qualitative yield of many plants. Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) is one of the most well-known medicinal plants, which is used in the cure of many diseases due to its various effective compounds such as trigonelline. This study was aimed at investigating the effects of salinity stress on the yield components and some physiological and biochemical characteristics of four fenugreek populations under the greenhouse conditions. The pot factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications. The experimental factors included four populations (Neishabour, Shirvan, Shiraz, and Ardakan) and four salinity levels (0, 30, 60, and 90 mM). At the final stages of growth, the traits including the relative water content (RWC), number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 1000-seed weight, and content of soluble sugars, proline, and trigonelline were measured in the mature plants. The salinity stress decreased the yield traits such as the number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, and 1000-seed weight in the all populations studied. The results showed that the salinity stress also decreased the concentration of soluble sugars and RWC, but increased the content of proline and trigonelline in the seeds. The population Shiraz was superior to the others in terms of the traits studied and showed more efficient mechanisms to tolerate the stress conditions.
P. Arvin; R. Firouzeh
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of plant densities (20, 30, 40, and 50 plants per square meter) and foliar application of gibberellin in two levels (0 and 100 Μg L-1) on some of the physiological and morphological traits of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). The experiment, carried ...
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An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of plant densities (20, 30, 40, and 50 plants per square meter) and foliar application of gibberellin in two levels (0 and 100 Μg L-1) on some of the physiological and morphological traits of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). The experiment, carried out in the research farm of Bojnourd Payame Noor University in 2016, was based on a Randomized Complete Blocks (RCB) with three replications. The effects of 20-plant density with gibberellin spray showed the highest plant dry matter percentage as well as the highest number of lateral branches and leaves. The application of gibberellin increased the sugar content by 12.7% in comparison to the control sample; additionally, the highest sugar content (220.79 mg.g-1 F.W) was obtained in the 20-plant density. By increasing the plant density, the content of chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids decreased. The interaction effect of the 20-plant density ×gibberellin with 72.11 mg.g-1 F.W caused the highest content of chlorophyll a, while the lowest content was recorded for the 50-plant density ×control with 60.7 mg.g-1F.W. The application of gibberellin caused superiority in both seed yield (686.22 Kg.ha-1) and essential oil (0.327%) compared to the control sample. The highest number of compound umbrella and the highest number of seeds per compound umbrella were obtained in the 20 and 30- plant densities, respectively. However, the 1000-seed weight, ultimate yield, oil yield, and essential oil percentage were the highest in the 50-plant density. In general, in higher densities, the ultimate yield seems to increase due to the increased number of plant per unit area, but the yield components are reduced.
