V. Rowshan; A. Bahmanzadegan Jahromi; F. Zareiyan; A. Hatami; L. Jowkar
Abstract
Marrubium astracanicum Jacq. is belonging to the Lamiaceae family. In this study, five populations of M. astracanicum (Derak, the west of Dasht Arjan, Bavanat-Simakan (Lakposhti), Ghorogh Abolmahdi (Pasargad) and Sadra areas) from Fars province were collected. After drying the plant samples, the essential ...
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Marrubium astracanicum Jacq. is belonging to the Lamiaceae family. In this study, five populations of M. astracanicum (Derak, the west of Dasht Arjan, Bavanat-Simakan (Lakposhti), Ghorogh Abolmahdi (Pasargad) and Sadra areas) from Fars province were collected. After drying the plant samples, the essential oils (EOs) were extracted from the aerial parts by using the Clevenger Apparatus, and analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC-FID) and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Methanolic extract was prepared by maceration method and analyzed by HPLC for polyphenolic compounds. EO yields were from 0.21 to 0.34% (w/w) based on dried material. The major constituents of the EOs were n-decane, n-dodecane, germacreneD, n-hexadecanoicacid, (E)-caryophyllene, bicyclogermacrene, phytol, n-tricosane, n-pentacosane, n-heneicosane and caryophyllene oxide. The 12 major compounds were analyzed by Minitab V.14 software. The findings of chemical compounds showed that despite the difference in height and climate, Sadra region was more similar to Derak and Lakposhti Bavanat. The standards of gallic acid, quercetin, catechin, caffeic acid chlorogenic acid were measured in the wavelengths of 280nm and and 320nm. The amount of polyphenols varied in different areas. Our results showed that the height and climate in each area caused the variation of polyphenolic compounds.
A Salimi; V. Rowshan; E. Khanpoor
Abstract
This research was aimed to investigate the effect of salinity on quality and quantity of essential oil components and antioxidant activity in Achillea millefolium L. The study was conducted in a completely randomized design in greenhouse, controlled environment, with four treatments including 0 (control), ...
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This research was aimed to investigate the effect of salinity on quality and quantity of essential oil components and antioxidant activity in Achillea millefolium L. The study was conducted in a completely randomized design in greenhouse, controlled environment, with four treatments including 0 (control), 50, 100 and 150 mM NaCl and four replications per treatment. The essential oil was first extracted and the active components of the essential oil were separated and identified by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods. Then, the proline content in fresh leaf and antioxidant activity of methanolic extract were determined. According to the results, the essential oil yield showed a significant increase at 150 mM NaCl. Regarding the essential oil composition, the main compounds were delta-cadinol, trans-beta-farnesene, α-Bisabolol, borneol, caryophyllene oxide, and menthone, showing an increase with increasing salinity. Some compounds such as sabinene, cis-β-ocimene, cis-γ-bisabolene were only detected in control treatment. Menthone, beta-bisabolene, epi-beta-santalene, and 1,8-cineole were only detected in the plants treated with salt. Proline content was increased with increased concentration of NaCl. The results showed that radical scavenging activity and reducing power of yarrow extract increased with increasing of salinity concentration. Our findings suggest that salt stress increases the antioxidant compounds in Achillea millefolium.
M.V. Sadeghi Sarvestani; S. Hosseinzadeh; M. Osfoori; V. Rowshan; M. Ghasemi nejad; M. Eghtedari
Abstract
Clostridium botulinum is one of the major causes of bacterial food intoxication especially in the vacuum-packed foods and meat products. Preventing such contamination is a major concern in the food industries. The current study was aimed to investigate the presence of Clostridium botulinum type A in ...
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Clostridium botulinum is one of the major causes of bacterial food intoxication especially in the vacuum-packed foods and meat products. Preventing such contamination is a major concern in the food industries. The current study was aimed to investigate the presence of Clostridium botulinum type A in the traditional dairy products and the possible effects of Teucrium polium L. essential oil(leaf and /or flower) on the growing of microorganism, in vitro. Out of 160 samples of traditionally made kashk and dough, only one sample was isolated (type A) using the selective culture, while, one sample of dough (1.25%) and two cases (3.75%) of kashk were respectively found positive to type A and B of the bacteria, using multiple PCR assay. The major components of the flower extract were: α-Pinene (16.67%) and Valerianol (8.32%), and for the leaf extract: α-Pinene (14.79%), Myrcene (10.9%) and Germacrene (10.44%), were the major components. In order to evaluate the anti-microbial effects of the leaf and flower, 10 µl of each extract was employed using the disc diffusion technique. At 40 and 80 µl/ml essential oil concentrations, the diameters of the growing inhibition zones were 9 and 8 millimeters for the leaf essential oil, and 12 and 8 millimeters for flower essential oil. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of both essential oilwas 160µl/ml. The results of the present study may recommend the use of Teucrium polium L. essential oil as a natural component to reduce and/or to inhibit the growing of Clostridium botulinum, in foodstuffs.
S. Beigi; M. Azizi; S.H. Nemati; V. Rowshan
Abstract
One of the most important limiting factors in production of medicinal plants in arid and semiarid regions of the world is water shortage or drought stress. Basil (Ocimum basilicum L. var. "Keshkeny levelu") is a valuable medicinal plant and sensitive to water stress. Therefore, the current study was ...
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One of the most important limiting factors in production of medicinal plants in arid and semiarid regions of the world is water shortage or drought stress. Basil (Ocimum basilicum L. var. "Keshkeny levelu") is a valuable medicinal plant and sensitive to water stress. Therefore, the current study was aimed to increase water use efficiency in basil production by conducting a factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The treatments were two superabsorbent polymers namely Terracottem™ (industrial) and Plantago ovata mucilage (Herbal) at four concentrations (0, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3% w/w on the basis of soil weight) with two application methods (mixed with soil only and mixed with soil+roots). The measured traits were morphological: leaf number, leaf area, shoot to root ratio, biological: number of seeds/plant, seed weight/plant, and water use efficiency, as well as two other important characteristics such as essential oil percentage and yield at flowering time. Results showed that the simple effect of treatments and their interaction had significant and positive effects on morphological, biological and biochemical traits, measured in this experiment. The best results in vegetative and generative characteristics were obtained by application of Plantagoovata mucilage and the highest essential oil percentage and yield were recorded by using Terracottem superabsorbent. The best results in both compounds were obtained at concentrations of 0.1% and 0.2% with application method in soil+roots and soil only, respectively. In conclusion, both compounds (terracottem™ and Plantago ovata) were able to reduce the adverse effects of drought stress and improved water use efficiency in basil cultivation.
P. Haiati; V. Rowshan
Abstract
Satureja hortensis L. (Savory), belonging to the family Lamiaceae (formerly Labiatae) is an annual herb. In order to determine the effects of salicylic acid (SA) (Control, 200, 4oo and 600mgL-1) in early flowering stage on growth and components of essential oils of Satureja hortensis, a factorial ...
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Satureja hortensis L. (Savory), belonging to the family Lamiaceae (formerly Labiatae) is an annual herb. In order to determine the effects of salicylic acid (SA) (Control, 200, 4oo and 600mgL-1) in early flowering stage on growth and components of essential oils of Satureja hortensis, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design was carried out with three replications. The oil was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The fresh weight was significantly increased in 200 mgL-1 SA, compared to the control. The yield of essential oil was 3.1% (Control) and 3.7% (200 mgL-1) with a significant difference. The main constituents of the essential oil were carvacrol, γ-terpinene, α-terpinene and p-cymene. SA application increased α-terpinene from 4.35% (Control) to 7.7% (200 mgL-1), β-myrcene from 2.5 (Control) to 4.3 (200 mgL-1), p-cymene from 1.9% (Control) to 2.5% (600 mgL-1) and decreased carvacrol from 44.8% (Control) to 38.5% (200 mgL-1). Results showed that SA application caused changes in the quantity and quality of essential oils.
