Phytochemistry (extraction, identification and measurement of active components)
S.M. Ghodsi Maab; H. Makarian; Z. Ghasimi Hagh; M. Gholipoor
Abstract
Seed pretreatment with the cold plasma and salicylic acid is one of the methods to improve the seed germination and quantitative and qualitative growth of plants. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of seed pretreatment with the cold plasma (0 and 100 W for 4 min) and seed ...
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Seed pretreatment with the cold plasma and salicylic acid is one of the methods to improve the seed germination and quantitative and qualitative growth of plants. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of seed pretreatment with the cold plasma (0 and 100 W for 4 min) and seed pretreatment and foliar application of salicylic acid in the micro and nano forms (0 and 1.5 mM salicylic acid) to improve the growth and production of secondary metabolites in Salvia leriifolia Benth. The results showed that the use of salicylic acid as seed pretreatment and foliar application increased the plant height, chlorophylls a and b, total phenol, and caffeic acid of the leaves significantly. Also, the seed pretreatment with nano salicylic acid form and foliar application of micro salicylic acid form and cold plasma increased the seedlings fresh and dry weight and phenylalanine ammonialyase and tyrosine ammonialyase enzymes by 3.48, 13.3, 227.7, and 277%, respectively compared to the control. The seed pretreatment and application of salicylic acid did not have a positive effect on increasing the amount of rosmarinic and salvianolic acids of the leaves compared to the control. According to the results, increasing the enzymes activity involved in the biosynthesis of phenolic acids could affect the amount of caffeic acid positively. Overall, the findings of the present study showed that the seed pretreatment with salicylic acid and foliar application of nano salicylic acid could improve the growth traits and activity of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in S. leriifolia more than other treatments.
Sh. Karimi Fard; A. Gholami; M. Gholipoor
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out in the research farm of Shahrood University to study the effects of ultrasonic waves and mycorrhizal fungi on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Black seed (Nigella sativa L.) in 2012. The experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete ...
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A field experiment was carried out in the research farm of Shahrood University to study the effects of ultrasonic waves and mycorrhizal fungi on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Black seed (Nigella sativa L.) in 2012. The experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments included: mycorrhizal inoculation at three levels of control (non-inoculated), recommended level and twice the recommended level as well as five exposure duration of ultrasonic waves (42 kHz) including control, 3, 5, 7 and 9 minutes. According to the results, seed yield, 1000 seed weight, root colonization percentage, biological yield and harvest index were affected by mycorrhizal fungi. Essential oil percentage and yield were significantly affected by mycorrhizal inoculation. The highest essential oil percentage was obtained from application of twice the recommended level of mycorrhizal inoculum (1.1 %). No significant difference was found for seed yield and 1000 seed weight between two inoculum treatments. Plant height, seed yield, biological yield, 1000 seed weight and essential oil percentage and yield were increased by exposure to the ultrasonic waves. The highest value of seed yield and 1000 seed weight was obtained from 7- min of exposure to ultrasonic waves (696.3 kg.ha-1 and 2.7g). Results showed that the interaction effects of mycorrhiza and ultrasonic were significant on plant height, number of capsules per plant, and essential oil percentage. The highest essential oil percentage was obtained from 9-min of ultrasonic exposure and non-inoculated treatment as well as 3-min of ultrasonic exposure and the use of mycorrhiza.
