Agriculture and horticulture
M. Jamali Dost; A. Salehi; H.R. Balouchi; P. Rostampour
Abstract
To investigate the response of quantitative and qualitative yield of ajwain (Carum copticum L.) to the irrigation cut-off in different nutritional regimes, an experiment was conducted as split-plot in a randomized complete block design with four replications at the research farm of Sarvestan Agricultural ...
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To investigate the response of quantitative and qualitative yield of ajwain (Carum copticum L.) to the irrigation cut-off in different nutritional regimes, an experiment was conducted as split-plot in a randomized complete block design with four replications at the research farm of Sarvestan Agricultural Jihad Organization, Fars province in 2019. The factors consisted of irrigation as the main factor at two levels (optimal irrigation and irrigation cut-off at flowering stage) and nutritional regime as the sub-factor at six levels (control, mycorrhiza, 15 ton.ha-1 manure, 15 ton.ha-1 manure + mycorrhiza, 30 ton.ha-1 manure, and 30 ton.ha-1 manure + mycorrhiza). The irrigation cut-off treatment reduced the plant height, number of umbrellas per plant, number of seeds per umbrella, 1000-seed weight, seed yield, biological yield, essential oil percentage, and essential oil yield by 30.65, 37.25, 46.12, 43.40, 24.40, 41.78, 19.68, and 52.86%, respectively compared to the optimal irrigation. The use of manure and mycorrhiza significantly increased all the mentioned traits. Moreover, the interaction of irrigation and nutritional sources treatments significantly affected only the percentage and essential oil yield. The highest percentage (2.80%) and essential oil yield (15.02 kg.ha-1) was observed in the 30 ton.ha-1 manure + mycorrhiza and optimum irrigation treatment. The lowest essential oil percentage (1.60%) was obtained in the control and optimum irrigation treatment and the lowest essential oil yield (4.62 kg.ha-1) resulted from the control and irrigation cut-off treatment.
Y. Mehrabi; M. Movahhedi Dehnavi; A. Salehi; R. Mohatashami; M. Hamidian
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of different levels of supplementary irrigation and bio-fertilizers on some physiological traits, yield, and essential oil percentage of medicinal plant cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.), an experiment was conducted as split-plot in a randomized complete block design ...
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In order to investigate the effects of different levels of supplementary irrigation and bio-fertilizers on some physiological traits, yield, and essential oil percentage of medicinal plant cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.), an experiment was conducted as split-plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications in the research field of Kohgiluyeh and Buyer-Ahmad Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Training Center in 2017. The main plot included supplementary irrigation (complete rainfed conditions, supplementary irrigation at 50% flowering and at the start of seed formation) and the subplot included bio-fertilizer (no phosphorus bio-fertilizer, mycorrhiza Glomus mosseae, phosphorus bio-fertilizer, and combination of mycorrhiza and phosphorus bio-fertilizer). The application of supplementary irrigation with bio-fertilizer increased the total chlorophyll and carotenoid and decreased the proline content. Phosphorus bio-fertilizer also increased catalase enzyme activity in the plant. The effects of supplementary irrigation and phosphorus bio-fertilizer on the number of umbrella per plant, plant height, 1000-seed weight and the number of seeds per umbrella were significant. The highest amount of 1000-seed weight (2.55 g), seed yield (622.4 kg ha-1), biological yield (1252 kg ha-1), and essential oil percentage (54.86%) was obtained in the mycorrhiza treatment together with the phosphorus bio-fertilizer. In general, the results showed that using phosphorus bio-fertilizer, mycorrhiza, and supplementary irrigation can improve physiological traits, yield, and essential oil of cumin under rainfed conditions.
B. Shabani; R. Rezaei; H. Charehgani; A. Salehi
Abstract
Wheat bacterial blight disease caused by the bacterium Pseudomonas syringe pv. syringae (Pss) is one of the important diseases of wheat in the world. The expanding the diseases resistance to chemical compounds has led to the researches into the new antimicrobial agents finding. Studies have shown ...
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Wheat bacterial blight disease caused by the bacterium Pseudomonas syringe pv. syringae (Pss) is one of the important diseases of wheat in the world. The expanding the diseases resistance to chemical compounds has led to the researches into the new antimicrobial agents finding. Studies have shown that plant essential oils induce biological activity against plant pathogenic bacteria and can be used as an environment friendly and safe way to control the disease. These compounds have the least harm to the ecosystem and can be used as an alternative to toxic compounds for controlling plant diseases. This study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the essential oils obtained from the aerial parts of Rosmarinus officinalis, Mentha spicata and Thymus daenensis, against Pss on wheat cultivars Pishtaz, Sirvan and Chamran under greenhouse conditions. In this study, all essential oil treatments significantly reduced the severity of wheat bacterial blight, especially on Pishtaz cultivar, and the percentage of necrotic area on the leaf 30 days after bacterial inoculation. The highest reduction in the severity of the disease was obtained by Mentha spicata and Thymus daenensi essential oils. The findings of the present study suggest that essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis, Mentha spicata and Thymus daenensis are capable to be used as antimicrobial agents.
S. Gholami Ganjeh; A. Salehi
Abstract
Bio-fertilizers are one of the most useful resources to improve the soil quality and increased yield in different plants. In order to study the effect of different levels of vermicompost and mycorrhizal fungi on essential oil content and uptake of some elements in cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.), a factorial ...
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Bio-fertilizers are one of the most useful resources to improve the soil quality and increased yield in different plants. In order to study the effect of different levels of vermicompost and mycorrhizal fungi on essential oil content and uptake of some elements in cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.), a factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with twelve treatments and three replications was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, during 2012-2013. Experimental treatments consisted of three levels of vermicompost (0, 5 and 10 tons per hectare), and four levels of mycorrhizal fungi (no application, application of Glomus mossae, application of Glomus intraradices and both species) in the soil. Results indicated that the most content of essential oil was obtained from the application of 10 tons vermicompost and Glomus intraradices (3.13%). In addition, the highest content of grain phosphorus (0.26%) and grain nitrogen (1.43%) belonged to the treatment of 10 tons vermicompost and combined application of Glomus mossae and Glomus intraradices. The highest yield of essential oil was obtained from 10 tons vermicompost and application of Glomus mossae. Overall, the results of this experiment showed that using of vermicompost and mycorrhiza can improve the content and yield of essential oil and uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in cumin.
A. Salehi; A. Ghalavand; F. Sefidkon; A. Asgharzade
Abstract
In order to study the effects of zeolite, bio and organic fertilizers on N, P, K concentration, essential oil content and yield in organic cultivation of German Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla), a factorial experiment in randomized complete blocks design with twelve treatments and three replications ...
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In order to study the effects of zeolite, bio and organic fertilizers on N, P, K concentration, essential oil content and yield in organic cultivation of German Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla), a factorial experiment in randomized complete blocks design with twelve treatments and three replications was conducted in the faculty of agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, 2005. The factors were PGPR inoculums (inoculated and no inoculated), zeolite (0 and 9 tons/ha) and vermicompost (0, 5, 10 tons/ha). Results showed that the highest concentration of N, P and K in plant, essential oil content and yield were obtained with PGPR inoculums. Zeolite also showed significant effects on the mentioned traits except P concentration. With application of zeolite 9 ton/ha, essential oil content, essential oil yield, N and K concentration were increased. Essential oil content, essential oil yield, N, P and K concentration were also increased with increasing of vermicompost levels as the highest values were obtained with application of 10 ton/ha vermicompost. There was positive and synergistic interaction between PGPR inoculums and vermicompost on N concentration as the highest and lowest N concentration percentage in herb were obtained in treatments of V3B2 (1.48) and V1B1 (1.12), respectively. According to the results, it appears that application of 10 tons vermicompost, inoculation with PGPR and 9 tons zeolite was the best treatment in production of German chamomile essential oil yield in organic system.
