همکاری با انجمن علمی گیاهان دارویی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترا، گروه علوم مرتع، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم مرتع، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه علوم مرتع، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی ویژگی‌های فیتوشیمیایی، فنل و فلاونویید کل و آنتی‌اکسیدانی گیاه دارویی Salvia aethiopis L. و مهمترین عوامل محیطی مؤثر در پراکنش در منطقه هزارجریب بهشهر انجام شد. 5 نمونه سرشاخه‌های گلدار گیاه در اوایل خردادماه 1395 از ارتفاعات منطقه جمع‌آوری و به‌روش تقطیر با آب (طرح کلونجر)، اسانس‌گیری شد. مشخصات مربوط به رویشگاه یادداشت‌برداری گردید و همین‌طور 5 نمونه خاک برای ارزیابی خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک برداشت شد. ترکیب‌های تشکیل‌دهنده اسانس با استفاده از دستگاه‌های کروماتوگراف گازی (GC) و گاز کروماتوگراف متصل شده به طیف‌سنج جرمی (GC/MS) شناسایی شدند. استخراج عصاره اتانولی نمونه‌ها به روش پرکولاسیون، ارزیابی فیتوشیمیایی (فنول و فلاونویید کل) با استفاده از روش‌های اسپکتروفتومتری و بررسی عملکرد آنتی‌اکسیدانی نمونه‌ها نیز با استفاده از آزمون DPPH ارزیابی گردیدند. با استفاده از روش PCA نیز مهمترین عوامل مؤثر در پراکنش گونه مورد نظر مشخص شدند. در اسانس 7 ترکیب شناسایی شد. بتا-کاریوفیلن (28.4%) و 1،6-سیکلودکادین (26%) ترکیب‌های اصلی اسانس گل را تشکیل می‌دهند و بتا-کاریوفیلن (30.3%) و کوپائن (23.3%) مهمترین ترکیب‌های تشکیل‌دهنده برگ هستند. فنل کل، فلاونوئید کل و آنتی‌اکسیدان موجود در گل از برگ گیاه بیشتر است. عوامل محیطی تأثیرگذار بر پراکنش گیاه Salvia aethiopis شامل ارتفاع، آهک، ماده آلی، اسیدیته، کلسیم، سیلت، شن و جهت شیب هستند.

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