Evidence of Vol. 31-3
text
article
2015
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Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0905
31
v.
3
no.
2015
https://ijmapr.areeo.ac.ir/article_119808_ab4be1364fabb4abaded06fa3da5c410.pdf
Effect of water deficit stress on traits of chichory (Cichorium intybus L.) in different planting dates
M.
Foaadedini
M.Sc. Student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Birjand Unit, Iran
author
M.J.
Seghatoleslami
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Birjand Unit, Iran
author
S.Gh.
Moosavi
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Birjand Unit, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
In order to study the effect of drought stress and planting date on some traits of chichory (Cichorium intybus L.), an experiment was conducted in a split plot design using randomized complete blocks design with three replications at the Agricultural Research Center of Islamic Azad University, Birjand Branch in 2011-2012. The factors included were irrigations levels (%100, %75, %50 and %25 ET0) and planting date (16 March, 2 April and 26 April). Results showed that all traits were significantly affected by drought stress, except R/S. The highest plant height, root length, width and branches number, shoot dry yield, root dry yield, total dry biomass, R/S were achieved under %100 ET0 and the highest water productivity was achieved under %25 ET0. According to mean comparisons, the highest values for all traits, except R/S, were recorded for the planting date of 16 March. The interaction effects of factors were also significant for branches number, stem dry yield, shoot dry yield, root dry yield and water productivity. Totally, the highest yield and water productivity were obtained for the planting date of 6 March. In addition, no significant difference was recorded between the treatments of %50 ET0 and %100 ET0 in 16 March in terms of total dry biomass. Therefore, %50 ET0 could be recommended especially in water deficit condition.
Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0905
31
v.
3
no.
2015
383
395
https://ijmapr.areeo.ac.ir/article_101790_3236268184190ce3d31b1047826cb233.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2015.101790
Investigation on chemotypes of Thymus pubescens Boiss.et Kotschy ex Celak based on essential oil compounds in E-Azerbayjan province
Y.
Imani
East Azarbaijan Agriculthure and Natural Resources Research Center, Khosroshahr, Iran
author
R.
Razban Haghighi
East Azarbaijan Agriculthure and Natural Resources Research Center, Khosroshahr, Iran
author
F.
Sefidkon
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
author
M.
Naderi
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2015
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The current study was aimed to investigate the essential oil of Thymus pubescens Boiss.et Kotschy ex Celak chemotypes in five regions of E-Azerbayjanprovince. Samples were collected at the flowering atage. Hydrodistillation method was used to obtain essential oil. Quantitative and qualitative analysis was done by GC and GC/MS methods. Twenty six compounds were determined in the essential oil of experimental sites. Cluster analysis, based on these components with WARD method, showed that five areas were divided into three clusters, so that the first cluster was related to the Sahand area chemotype, the second cluster was related to the Mishoo chemotype and the third cluster included common chemotype in Malekan (Egdelou), Kaleibar (Yuzband) and Maraghe (Kordedeh). Our results showed that the highest and lowest amount of essential oil was recorded for the first chemotype (Sahand, 0.31%) and the third chemotype (Egdelou, 1.34%), respectively. According to the Principal Coordinate Analysis the major compounds of essential oils were as follows: in the first chemotype: р-cymene (4.3%), n-nonanal (9.8%), methyl ether thymol (10.6 %), thymol (30.9 %) , thymyl acetate (13.5%); in the second chemotype: p-cymene (4.1%), γ-terpinene (6.2%), carvacrol (82.1%); in thr third chemotype p-cymene (7.2-1.6%), γ-terpinene (6.5-2.2%), thymol (65.6-27.6%), carvacrol (25.4-3.7%).
Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0905
31
v.
3
no.
2015
396
405
https://ijmapr.areeo.ac.ir/article_101791_451a93144a013851aff64b0140c156c9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2015.101791
Phytochemical investigation of Withania coagulans (Stocks) Dunal in natural habits of Sistan and Baluchestan province of Iran
M.
Valizadeh
Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
A.
Bagheri
Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
J.
Valizadeh
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchistan, Zahedan, Iran
author
M.H.
Mirjalili
Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
author
N.
Moshtaghi
Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
Withania coagulans (Stocks) Dunal (fam. Solanaceae) is a multipurpose medicinal plant, mainly distributed in southeastern parts of Sistan and Baluchestan province. The important medicinal properties of W. coagulans are attributed to the presence of steroidal lactones called withanolides. Among withanoloids, withaferin A is an important phytoconstituent showing antitumor, antiangiogenesis and apoptosis induction properties. This study was aimed to investigate the variability of phytochemical composition of Withania coagulans roots. Twenty accessions of W. coagulans roots, collected from different natural habits of Sistan and Baluchestan province, were used in the present study. Thewithaferin A was assayed through thin layer chromatography (TLC) method andphytochemical estimation was carried out by standard methodologies to detect the presence of secondary metabolites, like total phenol, flavonoids and anthocyanin. Our findings revealed that withaferin A was found in all accessions collected from different natural habits. The photochemical investigation showed the presence of flavonoids (5.70-6.50%), anthocyanin (4.51-9.51µmol/g) and total phenol (14.91-23.7µgGAE/mgD.W), varying significantly among the habitats (p<0.05). In the present study, TLC analysis confirms the exsistance of withaferin A in all W. coagulans accessions as well as the potential of Sistan and Baluchestan natural habits to produce this valuable component. However, the root extracts of W. coagulans, growing in natural habitats of Iran, have higher phenolic content. Hence, it can be used as a source of natural components for the pharmaceutical and food industries.
Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0905
31
v.
3
no.
2015
406
417
https://ijmapr.areeo.ac.ir/article_101792_fd897d6488c2cab43cda4806783e6b45.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2015.101792
Clinical investigation of blood pressure lowering, endothelial function improving and hypolipidemic of pomegranate juice in hypertensive subjects
S.
Asgary
Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, and Physiology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
author
M.R.
Afshani
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
author
M.
Rafieian-Kopaei
Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
author
M.
Keshvari
Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease which is failure in endothelial function and increased arterial stiffness. Pomegranate juice is rich in bioactive polyphenols with antioxidant and cardioprotective functions. Twenty-one hypertensive patients (aged 30-67 years) were recruited into the trial and assigned to receive either PJ (150 ml/day in a single occasion between lunch and dinner; n=11) or the same amount of water (n=10) for a period of two weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and flow-mediated dilation (FMD), along with serum concentrations of lipid profile parameters and apolipoproteins A and B were measured at baseline and two weeks after PJ consumption. Statistical analysis was conducted using paired t-test for continuous variables. PJ consumption was associated with significant reductions in SBP (p=0.002) and DBP (p=0.038) but not FMD (p>0.05). However, no significant effect was observed from PJ on serum levels of lipid profile parameters and apolipoproteins. PJ has promising acute hypotensive properties. Consumption of PJ could be considered in the context of both dietary and pharmacological interventions for hypertension.
Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0905
31
v.
3
no.
2015
418
427
https://ijmapr.areeo.ac.ir/article_101874_437f92c98b98e898dd479a31cfab84b8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2015.101874
The effect of different levels of titanium dioxide nanoparticle on production of two major phenolic compounds in dragonhead herb (Dracocephalum moldavica L.)
M.
Kamalizadeh
Department of Biotechnology, Jahrom University, Jahrom, Iran
author
M.R.
Bihamta
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Karaj, Iran
author
S.A.
Peyghambari
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Karaj, Iran
author
J.
Hadian
Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
In order to evaluate the effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the production of rosmarinic acid and chlorogenic acid, this nanoparticle with eight different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50, 100 and 15 ppm) in a completely randomized design with three replications at flowering stage was sprayed on Urmia genotype of Dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) planted in the greenhouse, college of agriculture, Tehran university. At full flowering stage, plant shoots were harvested and dried in the shade for a week and then the amount of two major phenolic compounds of extraction were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Excel and SAS software were used for statistical analysis. Results showed statistically significant differences among different treatments. The production of these two compounds raised in low concentration of nanoparticle treatment up to 30 ppm extract, whereas rosmarinic acid content was decreased in high concentration of nanoparticle treatment. Average content of rosmarinic acid and chlorogenic acid in Urmia genotypes was 123.2 and 54µg/g extract, respectively. Therefore, nanopartcle induced the production rate of phenolic compounds in low concentration.
Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0905
31
v.
3
no.
2015
428
435
https://ijmapr.areeo.ac.ir/article_101876_0aabd5bec52835816b4662998de2070d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2015.101876
The effects of turmeric, thyme and cinnamon on parameters related to ascites syndrome in arian broilers
M.
Mohamadamini
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
author
F.
Shariatmadari
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
author
S.A.
Hosseini
Research Institute of Animal Sciences, Karaj, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
The effects of three herbal plant powders (thyme, cinnamon and turmeric) on growth performance and ascites were studied in broilers. Eight hundred one-day-old Arian broiler chicks were randomly allocated into eight treatment groups with four replications and 25 chicks per cage. The experiment lasted for 42 days. Energy and high protein diets were used to increase the speed of growth and inducing ascites in broiler chickens. Experimental treatment groups were: control treatments, consisting of two diets with different nutrient densities (high density and low density) and two base diets were supplemented with herbal powders at a rate of 5 g/Kg of the diet in a factorial arrangement. Feed intake, BW gain and feed conversion ratio of the broilers were measured. Parameters related to ascites (thyroid hormones, hematocrit value, erythrocyte osmotic fragility and right ventricle-to-total ventricle ratio (RV/TV) were measured. Results showed that there were no influences on broilers’ growth performance. On the other hand, hematocrit value, T4, T3/T4 and RV/TV were significantly decreased by using herbal plants compared with the control, but no significant changes were observed on erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF) among the treatments. The results of this study suggested that herbal plants have beneficial effects in reducing ascites in broilers.
Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0905
31
v.
3
no.
2015
436
445
https://ijmapr.areeo.ac.ir/article_101878_52163b0d8206cf123812d723498ee7ba.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2015.101878
Evaluation the effects of mint, parsley, dill, coriander, garlic and basil on broiler performance, blood factors, immune system, intestinal morphology and taste of meat
M.
Mirzavand
MSc. Student, Department of Poultry Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
author
Sh.
Rahimi
Department of Poultry Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
author
M.A.
Sahari
Department of Food Science Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
Antibiotics have a positive effect on broilers performance; however they may have negative effects such as microbial resistance in humans and animals. Medicinal plants are one of the alternatives to antibiotics as growth stimulators. A research was conducted to compare the effects of medicinal plants: mint, basil, parsley, dill, coriander, garlic (1.5% in feed) with antibiotic virginiamycin (15ppm in feed) on broiler performance, blood factors, immune system, intestinal morphology and organoleptic tastes of broiler meat. For this purpose an experiment with a total of 480 d- old male broiler chicks (ROSS 308) were divided into eight treatments with three replicates of 20 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design (CRD). The highest body weight and the lowest feed intake were related to virginiamycin (p<0.05). There was no difference in feed conversion ratio among treatments (p>0.05). LDL and cholesterol levels were lowest in the group fed with garlic (p<0.05). Lower blood uric acid levels were associated with parsley (p<0.05). Relative weights of lymphoid organs (spleen and bursa Fabricious) as two immune indexes were compared among different groups which was not affected by treatments (p>0.05). Antibody response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in secondary response was higher in garlic and dill groups (p<0.05). Antibody responses to Newcastle disease vaccine (LaSota) was not affected by treatments (p>0.05). The lowest and highest heterophil/lymphocyte ratio was obtained in garlic group and control group (p<0.05), respectively. Villi height was not changed significantly in any segment of intestine (p<0.05). Ratio of villous height to crypt depth and villous height to basal width was significant (p<0.05). It is concluded that coriander and mint have significant effects in odor, color, texture and overall acceptance of broiler meat (p<0.05), so these plants can be used as feed additives in poultry diets.
Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0905
31
v.
3
no.
2015
446
459
https://ijmapr.areeo.ac.ir/article_101880_248713ca64b29d4ae25be6f68162736a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2015.101880
Yield and quality response of three chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) ecotypes to biofertilizers application in Bushehr region
M.A.
Kohanmoo
Ph.D. Graduate, Department of Agronomy, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
author
M.
Aghaalikhani
Department of Agronomy, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
author
F.
Rejali
Institute of Soil and Water Research, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
This research was aimed to investigate the yield and quality response of two endemic chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) ecotypes from Bushehr and a commercial ecotype from Esfahan to biofertilizers, a field experiment was conducted during two growing seasons of 2008 and 2009 at the research farm of Persian Gulf University (Boushehr campus). The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete blocks design in a factorial arrangement with three replications. Treatments consisted of chamomile ecotypes, mycorrhisal inoculationfection (with and without) and amount of micro-biophosphate fertilizer (0, 30 and 60kg.ha-1). Morphological traits and flower yield were evaluated from the flowering period onwards and trhen the essential oil concentration, Chamazulene and Apigenine 7-glycoside percentage were measured. Also, after final harvest, nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium content of chamomile plant and soil were investigated. Result showed that except of the main effect of ecotypes, the other main and interaction effects on the measured traits were insignificant. The flower dry weight of Bushehr ecotypes (1 and 2) was %34 more than that of Esfahan ecotype in 1st year. However, in 2nd year, Boushehr2 had the highest dry flower yield (1132.66 kgha-1) followed by Boushehr1 and Esfahan ecotypes with 12.4 and 48.8 percent loss, respectively. In both years of experiment, Esfahan ecotype produced more chamazulene in essential oil and Boushehr ecotypes were superior treatments for Apigenine 7-glycoside in dried flower (p≤0.05). Although our finding revealed no significant effect of biofertilizers on all measured traits, a dry flower yield of 800-1000 kgha-1, 3 kg ha-1 essential oil, high percentage of chamazulene in essential oil (15-16% for Esfahan and 5-7% for Boushehr ecotypes), and considerable amount of Apigenine 7-glycoside in dried flower (10-12.7 kgha-1) demonstrated the high potential yield of chamomile using biofertilizers under field condition. Therefore, since chamomile showed a proper and vast ecological adaptation to the cultural conditions in Boushehr region, it could be introduced to the low input agricultural systems as a reliable part of local crop rotations.
Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0905
31
v.
3
no.
2015
460
478
https://ijmapr.areeo.ac.ir/article_101881_2e42a40eef1e087387cb089bb545bc7d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2015.101881
Study on the antiviral activity of aqueous pokeweed (Phytolacca Americana L.) extracts against Potato virus Y
A.
Alishiri
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
F.
Rakhshandehroo
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
Pokeweed (Phytolacca Americana L.) is a plant native to American countries which is widely used across the continent. Despite the probability of having digestive toxicity, this plant has an important role in many therapeutic applications for humans and plants. This plant has a capacity to control some plant and human pathogens due to the presence of ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) in this plant. In this work, the antiviral effect of aqueous pokeweed leaf and stem aqueous extracts against Potato virus Y, one of the most important viruses infecting potatoes, was studied in tobacco model plants. The presence of the pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP) in the extract was confirmed by SDS-PAGE analysis. Results of serological assay (DAS-ELISA) showed lower absorbance values for the pokeweed treated samples as compared with non-treated, PVY-infected control plants, indicating lower levels of PVY infections in the treated plants. Results showed that the aqueous extract of pokeweed, at concentration of 0.14 ppm, had an inhibitory effect against PVY infection in tobacco model plants with a maximum controlling effect up to four days post-inoculation.
Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0905
31
v.
3
no.
2015
479
488
https://ijmapr.areeo.ac.ir/article_101898_c584e586e65f9b0c679ef8eab7177d42.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2015.101898
Effect of betafin and silymarin on hematological, serum biochemical parameters and growth of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
M.
Babai
Department of Fisheries Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
author
M.
Javaheri Baboli
Department of Fisheries Science, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
author
M.
Alishahi
Department of Veterinary, Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
author
M.
Shamsaie
Department of Fisheries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran
author
text
article
2015
per
Nutrition is critical in trout fish farming. In this regard, the use of medical plants to improve the growth and health of the liver is considred. This experiment was conducted to investigate the comparative effects of silymarin and betafin on the growth, some hematological and serum biochemical parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Five hundred and forty rainbow trouts (mean weight 35±2gr) were treated with control diet, 1gr silymarine powder per kg diet and 10gr per kg diet betafin during 60 days. Results showed that betafin significantly improved growth indices including weigth gain, specific growth rate, food conversion rate, protein efficiency ratio, daily growth rate, and survival rate compared with silymarin and control groups. RBC, Hb, PCV and globular indices showed no significant differences among three groups, nevertheless WBC increased in silymarine and betafin groups as compared to control. AST and ALT index except ALP index decreased significantly in betafin and silymarine groups. GSI index decreased in silymarine group as compared to others. Generally, it can be concluded that betafin improved growth and liver indices. Silymarine had no effect on growth, whereas it was effective in improving liver indices.
Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0905
31
v.
3
no.
2015
489
501
https://ijmapr.areeo.ac.ir/article_101906_e35c5439531213203f2b263482313362.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2015.101906
Evaluation of dietary Curcoma longa L. effects on fertility, embryo development, hatchability, quality and blood indices of newly hatched chicks in breeder native hens
H.
Khatami
MSc. Student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran
author
M.
Daneshyar
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran
author
P.
Farhoomand
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
This experiment was conducted on breeder native hens (West Azerbaijan). For this purpose, two hundred and forty native hens (23 weeks old) were used in four experimental groups. The birds of each group were put in six replicate pens. Furthermore, a rooster was put in each cage for investigate the fertility and hatchability of the hens. The birds of different groups were received the different levels of 0, 0.25, 0.50 and 1 percent turmeric rhizome powder. After the feeding the experimental diets for five weeks, 20 eggs were collected from each cages and used for incubation. There were no significant differences between the treatments for hatchability, fertility, embryo mortality and chick quality between treatments (p>0.05). Turmeric had no effect on blood total protein (p>0.05) but the highest turmeric consumption caused the increased blood cholesterol (p<0.05). Furthermore, blood lactate dehydrogenase and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase activities were not affected by turmeric (p>0.05). However, all the turmeric levels decreased blood glutamate pyruvate transaminase activity as compared to control (p<0.05).
Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0905
31
v.
3
no.
2015
502
511
https://ijmapr.areeo.ac.ir/article_101917_dec10c9be9fe829decd1ca13b80c8dd9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2015.101917
Effect of different soil fertilizing methods on soil properties, nutrient uptake and quanitative and qualitative yield of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Miller.)
A.
Movaghatian
M.Sc. Student, in Agroecology, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
author
E.
Fateh
Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, Agriculture Faculty, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
author
A.
Aynehband
Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, Agriculture Faculty, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
author
A.
Siahpoosh
Faculty of Pharmacy, Jondishapoor University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
In order to study the effects of chemical and biological fertilizers on soil physical properties, nutrient uptake, nutrient concentration in soil and plant and seed yield and essential oil of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Miller.), a field experiment was conducted in Agricultural Faculty of Shahid Chamran University in 2011. Trial study was carried out as two-ways factorial in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Chemical fertilizer at three levels (C1=0-0-0 kg/ha NPK, C2=60-60-48 kg/ha NPK and C3=120-120-96 kg/ha NPK) was the first factor, and different biological fertilizers at six levels (B1=control, B2=Biosuperphosphate+Nitroxin, B3=Nitroxin, B4=Biosuperphosphate, B5=Biosulphur and B6=Sugar cane waste compost) were the second factor. Results showed that chemical fertilizer had significant effect on all traits except soil bulk density, soil porosity and essential oil yield. The interaction of chemical fertilizer and biological fertilizer was significant for seed phosphorus, soil bulk density and soil porosity percentage. The highest grain yield (237.66 kg/ha) and essential oil yield (6.46 kg/ha) was found at sugar cane waste compost in combination with 120-120-96 kg/ha NPK and the lowest grain yield (103.15 kg/ha) and essential oil yield (2.63 kg/ha) was obtained at bio sulfur without chemical fertilizer application, respectively. Also, sugar cane waste compost in combination with 120-120-96 kg/ha NPK had the highest grain nitrogen (2.61%) and phosphorus (0.33%), respectively. The lowest was obtained at control treatment. Totally, the results suggested that the sugar cane waste in combination with 60-60-48 kg/ha NPK was the best treatment for fennel cultivation.
Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0905
31
v.
3
no.
2015
512
526
https://ijmapr.areeo.ac.ir/article_101922_cdc724349f5e1c27ba332d3d404b5b9c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2015.101922
The effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on N, P and K uptake and yield of Thymus daenensis Clak
F.
Bahadori
Department of Natural Resources, Semnan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Semnan, Iran
author
E.
Sharifi Ashorabadi
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, AREEO, Tehran, Iran
author
M.
Mirza
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, AREEO, Tehran, Iran
author
M.
Matinizade
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, AREEO, Tehran, Iran
author
V.
Abdosi
Department of Horticulture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
In order to study the effects of interactions between the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on some elements content, dry matter yield and root colonisation in organic cultivation of Thymus daenensis Celak, an experiment was conducted at semnan natural resource research field at shahmirzad, in 2011-2012. Treatments included: A: the fungus of Glomus moseae (1-inoculated (AM) and 2- no inoculated) and B: PGPR inoculums (1- Bacillus subtilis 2- Pseudomonas fluorescens 3- control). A factorial experiment design was applied in a randomized complete blocks design with six treatments and three replications. Results showed that foliar K contents and root colonisation increased significantly with the G. moseae inoculation and the foliar P contents increased significantly with the B. subtilis inoculation alone. There was negative interactions between G. moseae and P. fluorescens on dry matter yield and nutrient uptake. The most effective treatment was observed in the co- inoculation with G. moseae and B. subtilis, which synergistically increased dry matter yield and nutrient uptake campared with singly inoculated or non- inoculated plants.
Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0905
31
v.
3
no.
2015
527
538
https://ijmapr.areeo.ac.ir/article_101925_8a429d760e01667d01e1e29bc419ce7e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2015.101925
Phenology and compatibility of different Thymus species under agricultural conditions
A.
Zarezadeh
Yazd Research Center of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Yazd, Iran
author
H.
Madah Arefi
Research Institute Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
author
E.
Sharifi Ashoorabadi
Research Institute Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
author
A.
Mirhosseini
Resources and Agricultural Research Center of Yazd Province, Iran
author
M.R.
Arabzadeh
Resources and Agricultural Research Center of Yazd Province, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
The Thymus genus, belonging to Lamiaceae family, consists of over 215 different species in the world. Eighteen species are growing naturally in Iran, among which four species are endemic. Different species of thyme are used in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries. This research, conducted in Yazd province during 2008-2011, was aimed to investigate the phenology and compatibility of different thyme species. The seeds of 69 accessions of unknown thyme species, provided by the natural resources gene bank of Iran, were planted to study the phenology and establishment rate. According to the obtained results, among 69 accessions studied, eight accessions were compatible with the climate conditions of the study station, 28 accessions were fairly compatible, and 33 accessions were less compatible. The average of establishment rate was calculated to be 75%, 68% and 58% in 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively. The highest establishment rate (100%) was related to accession BHUXD )T. fedchenkoi×T. pubescens(, selected as superior accession, and the lowest establishment rate (7%) was related to accession XDRNJI (T. lancifolius×T. pubescens).
Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0905
31
v.
3
no.
2015
539
553
https://ijmapr.areeo.ac.ir/article_101931_c7e947fea13304fd3d53e33016179867.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2015.101931
Comparison of essential oil content and composition of different parts (leaf, flower, stem and aerial parts) of Anthemis tinctoria L.
F.
Fakhari
MSc. Student, Department of Phytochemistry, Payam-e-Noor University, East Tehran Center, Tehran, Iran
author
F.
Sefidkon
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
author
Sh.
Mozaffari
Department of Phytochemistry, Payam-e-Noor University, East Tehran Center, Tehran, Iran
author
M.A.
Alizadeh
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
The Anthemis genus, belonging to Asteraceae family, has 23 endemic annual species in Iran, with the flowers and shoots containing essential oil. In this experiment, for the first time, the seeds of Anthemis tinctoria L. were collected from west Azarbayejan, Iran, and cultivated at the field of Alborz Research Station. In order to determine the essential oil composition of cultivated Anthemis tinctoria, random sampling was conducted at full flowering stage from flowering shoot. Flowers, leaves and stems were divided and dried in open air and their essential oil was produced separately by hydro-distillation. To analyze the essential oil composition, GC and GC-MS were used. Results indicated that essential oil percentage in flower, leaf, stem and total shoot was 0.0892, 0.0487, 0.0466 and 0.0792%, respectively. Analysis of leaf essential oil indicated that 32 compounds were detected; five main compounds were camphor (15.8%), α-eudesmol (10.3%), guaiol (9.6%), chrysanthenone (8.4%) and 1,8-cineol (8.0%); contributing to more than 53% of the essential oil composition. Twenty-one compounds were detected in stem essential oil; four main compounds were spathulenol (25.6%), α-eudesmol (14.5%), caryophyllene oxide (11.8%) and β-eudesmol (5.9%). Moreover, 22 compounds were detected in flower essential oil; five main compounds were α-eudesmol (27.5%), β-eudesmol (14.3%), spathulenol (13.3%), 10-epi-g-eudesmol (7.2%), 1,8-cineol (4.2%). The results also indicated that 29 compounds were detected in shoot essential oil; four main compounds were g-eudesmol (39.92%), caronene (9.1%), camphor (6.5%), spathulenol (5.1%) and 1,8-cineol (4.3%). According to the obtained results, the percentage of α-eudesmol as main component of this essential oil varied from 10 to 40% in different plant parts, the lowest in leaf oil and the highest in aerial part oil. The highest amount of β-eudesmol was found in flower and stem oil. The presence of high amount of chrysanthenone and camphor in leaf oil was also remarkable. It can be concluded that by using flowering shoot or total aerial parts of A. tinctoria in full flowering stage, more essential oil yield would be produced. In addition, for special purposes and obtaining some special compounds, special plant parts could be distilled.
Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0905
31
v.
3
no.
2015
554
562
https://ijmapr.areeo.ac.ir/article_101933_0abe3190fa00e6f9235ebea7ec3dcbef.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2015.101933